Earth cycles
Explain the process of photosynthesis in words (not just the chemical reaction)
A plant absorbs sunlight, water, and CO2, then converts in into oxygen and glucose
Where is DNA stored?
The nucleus
Replicate this strand of DNA:
- TTA CGC TCA GGA CTC GGA
AAT GCG AGT CCT GAG CCT
Answer question 11 on your study guide
Mitosis
Explain the process of cellular respiration in words (not just the chemical reaction)
Cells abosrb oxygen and glucose and convert it into CO2 and water
List the levels of organization, beginning with the cell
Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
Convert this strand into mRNA
AAT GCG GGA TTC CTA TTA
UUA CGC CCU AAG GAU AAU
What does the "m" in mRNA stand for?
Messenger
What is a mutation and how does it occur?
A mutation is a change or variation in a cell's code. It occurs through substitutions or errors.
List out the saying for DNA replication and transcription
Replication:
Apple <-> Tree
Car <-> Garage
Tree -> Apple
Alien -> UFO
Car <-> Garage
What does it mean to refute someone's claim?
Proving that an argument or statement is false or incorrect using clear evidence and logic.
Describe the carbon cycle as best as you can
The continuous process by which carbon moves between Earth's atmosphere, oceans, land, and living organisms
Explain the process of DNA replication
DNA is unwound, split by the helicase, then bases are paired together by the order:
A <-> T
C <-> G
Answer questions 9 on your study guide
AUC GGG GAC AAA GUC
Ile Gly Asp Lys Val
How many cells does mitosis end up with? Are they identical or unique? Explain how you know
2 cells, they are identical daughter cells, each cells is duplicated and contains the same contents are the parent cell
Describe how a "dead zone" occurs in water (think back to your test)
The dead zones occur when extra nutrients goes into the water, causing algae blooms, they produce oxygen then die, the bacteria breaks them down using cellular respiration, and the fish die from lack of oxygen
The other levels would begin to break down due to the cells at the lower level not functioning or performing their job
How are proteins made? Explain the process including both transcription and translation
RNA is made through transcription- where a single strand of DNA is copied and the base "U" is added. Translation is when a single strand of mRNA is made- it travels to the ribosomes, where its code is read and turned into amino acids. The acids are joined together in a chain until they hit a "stop" signal.
How could a change (mutation) in DNA affect the structure and function of a protein? Why is this important?
It can affect the structure by altering the nucleotides, which can affect the amino acids, which can affect the entire organism. It can change gene expression.