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Prehistory
Mesopotamian Civilizations
Egypt
World Religions
Surprise Me
100
What does Paleolithic mean?
The Old Stone Age
100
Name the two rivers of Mesopotamia
Tigris River, Euphrates river.
100
Name one famous Egyptian pharaoh, and what they accomplished.
1. Hatshepsut – first female pharaoh, fixed trade networks ruined by invasions. 2. Thutmose III expanded Egypt’s empire ?to its largest size, conquered ?to Mesopotamia.? 3. Tutankhamun – Only intact tomb (grave) ever found, ruled from age of 10 to 19.
100
What is polytheism?
Belief in more than one or multiple gods.
100
What does Mesolithic mean?
Middle Stone Age
200
What skills did humans develop in the Neolithic?
Taming of animals, better stone tools.
200
What is the definition of a civilization? (What makes it a civilization and not a small nomad tribe?)
People with: Advanced laws Political organization (Kings, rulers, taxes) religious organizations (gods, priests, temples)
200
Name two important developments in Egypt.
1. Papyrus writing paper. 2. High quality medical care.
200
What religion do the Israelites follow?
Judaism. (Israelites are Jews)
200
In which Stone Age did humans discover agriculture, growing plants for food?
Mesolithic
300
How is bronze made?
Copper and tin, or copper and arsenic mixed together.
300
Describe two similarities between all Mesopotamian civilizations.
They all used mud mixed with grass dried in the hot sun, called “mud-brick” built walls for defense built religious temples of mud-brick. Built next to rivers.
300
How can you use the Nile river as a highway, and why was the Nile so important?
Flooding brings fresh dirt yearly = lots of food. Move north by drifting downstream, move south using the wind, upstream.
300
What is Islam, and who founded it?
Founded by Muhammed, religion similar to Christianity where Jesus is a prophet, God has NO children.
300
What was a ziggurat, and how was it made?
Mud-brick temple to a god in Mesopotamia
400
Name one powerful Bronze Age group.
Egyptians, Akkadians, Sumerians, Babylonians, Israelites, Phoenicians
400
Who was the first major empire in Mesopotamia, and what do we still use that they developed?
Sumerians, who developed the first 24-hour day, the 60 second/60 minute count of time cycles on Earth.
400
Name three similarities between Egypt and Mesopotamia.
a. Both had rivers for water and good soil for farming. b. Both had large empires and used bronze weapons. c. Both had polytheistic religions and strong governments.
400
Describe 2 similarities and 2 differences between Hinduism and Buddhism.
1. Similarities: Both believe that life is sad and evil. Both believe in reincarnation Both are usually vegetarians. 2. Differences Buddhists believe all people are equal. Hindus believe some people are better because they are closer to being Brahman. Buddhists believe they can reach nirvana in this lifetime. Hindus believe enlightenment takes many lifetimes to learn.
400
Who was Hammurabi, and why was he important to history? Describe two reasons.
1. Hammurabi conquered Babylon, improved trade, built walls. 2. Hammurabi was called "the law-giver“, he had all the laws carved on huge stones. 3. Because it was written down on stone, everyone knew what the law was. (Better organization)
500
What are three things the Phoenicians are famous for?
Early traders and great sailors. Discovered the "North Star". Developed expensive purple dye. Created the first true alphabet of 22 letters, which is a foundation of many languages today.
500
Why was Mesopotamia the place where the first great empires formed?
1. They had water and fresh dirt for growing food. 2. Lots of animals that are easily tamed. 3. Access to
500
Describe the major differences between Egypt and Mesopotamian civilizations (Akkadians, Sumerians, Babylonians)
1. Rich Egyptians used a lot of stone, when most Mesopotamian tribes used mud-brick. 2. Mesopotamian groups believed their kings were picked by gods. Egyptians believed pharaohs were gods. 3. Mesopotamia – collapse due to climate change. Egypt – many collapses due to riots, outside attack.
500
What similarities and differences do Islam and Christianity have?
Similar: One god. Give money to the poor. City of Jerusalem is sacred (holy). Different: Islam, Jesus a prophet. Christian, Jesus is God. Islam, 5 pillars to save you from sin. Christian, faith in Jesus.
500
Choose one early civilization we studied, and tell me 4 characteristics of that culture. (Art, religion, architecture, beliefs, culture, etc...)
VARIOUS