Understanding our Universe (U1)
Compared to infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation has what kind of wavelength?
Shorter
As depth increases in Earth’s interior, what happens to density, temperature, and pressure?
Density, temperature, and pressure all increase.
What imaginary line passes through both the geographic North and South Poles?
The prime meridian
What geologic feature forms at divergent plate boundaries?
Rift valleys or mid-ocean ridges)
What type of energy is radiated from the Earth's surface after absorbing sunlight?
Infrared radiation
At which point in a planet's orbit is its speed the greatest?
When it's closest to the Sun
What layer of Earth is solid due to immense pressure despite high temperatures?
The inner core
What is the starting point for measuring latitude on Earth?
The Equator
The Andes Mountains formed as a result of which type of plate boundary?
Convergent boundary
The increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is primarily caused by what human activity?
Burning fossil fuels
Which type of radiation has the shortest wavelength?
Shorter
What causes mantle material to rise towards the surface of the Earth?
They are hotter and less dense than surrounding material
How does the distance between lines of longitude change as you move from the equator to the poles?
As you move closer to the poles, the lines converge at the poles.
What type of fault is represented by the San Andreas Fault in California?
Transform fault
Why does deforestation contribute to the greenhouse effect?
It increases carbon dioxide levels, and ultimately increasing the effects of greenhouse gases.
What force is responsible for the contraction of a gas cloud during star formation?
Gravity
Earth’s outer core is inferred to be liquid based on which type of wave evidence?
S-waves do not travel through it.
How can the altitude of Polaris help determine your latitude in the Northern Hemisphere?
The altitude of Polaris is approximately equal to your latitude.
Which plate boundary is likely to have deep ocean trenches?
Convergent boundaries
On which date would Jamestown, NY, experience the longest duration of daylight?
June 21st
According to Kepler’s laws, how does the distance of a planet from the Sun affect its orbital period?
The farther the planet, the longer its orbital period.
Which feature is commonly found at the boundary between the outer core and mantle?
If two locations are 30° apart in longitude, how many hours of time difference is between them?
2 hours
What is the primary energy source driving plate tectonics?
Earth's internal heat
What process in Earth’s atmosphere traps heat and helps maintain a stable temperature?
The greenhouse effect