Exploration & Colonization
This empire-toppling conquest was aided by firearms, horses, and alliances with indigenous groups.
What is the Aztec Empire?
Rulers like Louis XIV used this theory to claim their authority came directly from God
What is Divine Right?
This philosopher argued that all men are born with natural rights and that government requires the "consent of the governed"
Who is John Locke?
This document, primarily written by Thomas Jefferson, formally broke ties between the colonies and Britain.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
The Industrial Revolution first began in this country due to its abundant coal and capital.
What is Great Britain?
This global transfer introduced new crops to Europe but brought devastating diseases to the Americas.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Known as the "Sun King," he famously centralized all French political power in himself.
Who is Louis XIV
This French philosopher is famous for his defense of freedom of speech and equality before the law.
Who is Voltaire?
This social and political body in France represented the Clergy, Nobility, and Commoners.
What is the Estates-General?
This process describes the mass movement of people from rural areas to cities.
What is Urbanization?
This economic system, which viewed wealth as finite, developed as a direct result of European colonization.
What is Mercantilism?
This Russian Tsar modernized his country by reforming the military and introducing Western customs.
Who is Peter the Great?
This intellectual movement emphasized reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority.
What is the Enlightenment?
This radical group led the most violent phase of the French Revolution.
Who were the Jacobins?
This social group saw the most significant expansion and growth during the Industrial era.
What is the Middle Class?
This explorer is credited with "discovering" the New World in 1492 while searching for a route to Asia.
Who is Christopher Columbus?
This term refers to the powerful Russian nobles who often struggled for power against the Tsars.
Who are the Boyars?
In Two Treatises on Government, Locke argued that people have a right to do this if a government destroys their property or rights.
What is revolt (or overthrow the government)?
This general rose to power through military success and eventually crowned himself Emperor of France.
Who is Napoleon Bonaparte?
This specific demographic was hired in factories because technology allowed for simpler tasks and families needed the extra income.
Who are children (Child Labor)?
Unlike mercantilism, this economic system is based on private ownership and free markets.
What is Capitalism?
Absolutist control over these three things are essential
What is taxation, nobility, and the church?
This enlightenment think is known as the "Father of Capitalism" and wrote the Capitalist Bible "Wealth of Nations?"
Who is Adam Smith?
This symbolic event marked the Third Estate's commitment to creating a new French constitution.
What is the Tennis Court Oath?
Travelers in pre-revolutionary France noted that these people were "crushed" by land taxes (tailles) and feudal dues.
Who are the peasants?