Energy Basics (Unit 1)
Energy at rest (not moving).
Potential energy
A field’s force depends on ______. Farther away = ______ force.
distance; weaker
Charged particles can be ______ or ______.
positive or negative
An electromagnet needs a(n) ______ core, ______ of wire, and a power source.
iron; coil
Waves in this unit are a type of ______ energy.
mechanical
Energy of motion.
Kinetic energy
Gravity depends on an object’s ______. More mass = ______ gravity.
mass; more
Opposite charges ______. Same charges ______.
attract; repel
True/False: An electromagnet can only attract, not repel. Explain
False (it can attract or repel)
Many waves need a ______ to travel through (gas, liquid, or solid).
medium
Mechanical energy is energy due to an object’s ______ or ______.
motion or position
Define “magnetic field.”
Region around a magnet (or moving charge) where magnetic forces can be observed
Define “electric field.”
Region around a charged object where a force would act on other charges
Define “electromagnet.”
A soft metal core made into a magnet by electric current through a surrounding coil
Longitudinal vs. transverse: In a longitudinal wave, particles move ______ to the direction the wave travels.
parallel
True/False: If an object is moving, it has potential energy only. Explain
False (it has kinetic energy)
True/False: A field is strongest when you are closer to the source.Explain
True, closer distance bewtween the objects
Name the force: two negative charges push away from each other.
Repulsive force
One way to make an electromagnet stronger: add more ______ to the wire.
coils (turns)
In a transverse wave, particles move ______ to the direction the wave travels.
perpendicular
A ball at the top of a ramp has mostly ______ energy. At the bottom (moving fast), it has mostly ______
potential; kinetic
(Diagram-style): In a field-line diagram, what does it mean if the arrows/lines are closer together?
The field is stronger there
If two objects attract without touching, what idea explains how that force acts at a distance?
A field (electric or magnetic field)
A student’s electromagnet is weak. Choose the BEST fix:
A) Use fewer coils B) Add more coils C) Remove the battery D) Use plastic core
B) Add more coils
Match the property to the sound idea:
A) Amplitude B) Frequency
1)Pitch 2) Energy
A→2 (Amplitude→Energy), B→1 (Frequency→Pitch)