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Plate Boundaries
Earth's Layers
Plate Tectonics
Geologic Disasters
Rock Cycle
100
A convergent boundary is when...
plates come together.
100
Name Earth's three main layers, deepest first.
Core, mantle, crust
100
How much do plates move every year?
Centimeters
100
What is a tsunami and how/where do they happen?
Oceanic/continental convergent boundaries, continental plate breaks free and pushes water
100
Lava erupts from a volcano. What happens next? What does it form?
Cools and turns into a solid, makes igneous rock
200
A divergent boundary is when...
plates move apart.
200
What is the core made of?
Solid iron & nickel
200
What is the Pangaea theory?
The idea that all continents were once joined in a supercontinent
200
What is a volcano?
Any place where magma reaches the Earth's surface
200
Wind and water break down rock in a process called weathering. This creates...
small pieces of rock called sediment.
300
A transform boundary is when...
plates move alongside each other.
300
What is the mantle made of?
Molten semisolid rock
300
What is the evidence of the Pangaea theory?
Puzzle fit, fossil evidence, rock strata evidence, glacier evidence
300
Describe the role of viscosity in the formation of volcanoes.
High viscosity lava piles up and makes stratovolcanoes, low viscosity lava spreads out and makes shield volcanoes
300
Sediment piles up in layers over time. Eventually, the sediment is compacted and cemented and becomes...
sedimentary rock.
400
What is created at convergent boundaries?
Orogenis, mountains
400
Where is the asthenosphere? What happens there?
In the asthenosphere, convection currents
400
What layer is made up by the plates?
Crust
400
What is an earthquake?
Release of stress from a fault
400
Rock is buried deeper and deeper in the crust and is exposed to extreme heat and pressure. This cooks the rock and turns it into...
metamorphic rock.
500
What is created at divergent boundaries?
New rock, new crust
500
Describe how convection currents work.
Warmer, less dense material rises, then cools down and becomes more dense, then falls back down
500
What force causes the plates to move?
Convection currents
500
Is this place at risk for an earthquake? Why or why not?
Yes, near a transform fault
500
Rock enters the mantle at a subduction zone. It melts and turns into...
magma.