DNA
Where is DNA stored and replicated (copied)?
The nucleus
The passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next is called-
Heredity
Define evolution
Change over time
This type of variable is measured or changed
IV- Independent Variable
What is a mutation?
Random errors during DNA replication
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleis Acid
What type of traits are inherited (passed down) from parents to offspring?
traits determined by genetic information (DNA)
What is an adaptation, and how does it help an organism survive in changing environments?
An adaptation is a characteristic or behavior that helps an organism survive and thrive in its environment.
examples may vary
This type of variable in an experiment is the one that you measure
DV- Dependent Variable
What term describes the body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment?
Homeostasis
What is the building block of DNA?
Nucleotide
The combination of alleles
genotype
An organisms with the “best” traits (adaptations) will live longer and reproduce more than others, causing changes in the population over time by acting on traits that are heritable is called-
Natural Selection
You are testing whether the amount of water a plant receives affects its growth. You give one plant 50 ml of water every day and another plant 100 ml. After a month, you measure both plants to see which grew taller."
What is the IV and DV. in this experiment?
IV: amount of water DV; plant growth
What are the three possible consequences to changes in DNA
Positive, Negative, or Neutral
Name the base pairs.
Adenine-Thymine
Cytosine-Guanine
Define the terms Heterozygous Dominant, Homozygous Dominant, and Homozygous recessive.
Heterozygous Dominant: 1 dominant and 1 recessive allele combination (Rr)
Homozygous Dominant: 2 dominant alleles (RR)
Homozygous Recessive: 2 recessive alleles (rr)
Name an example we dicussed on how environmental changes can lead to changes in species through natural selection
Peppered Moth or Rock Pocket Mouse
You are testing the effect of different amounts of sunlight on plant growth. You expose one plant to full sunlight, another to partial sunlight, and a third to no sunlight at all. After two weeks, you measure how tall each plant has grown.
What is the IV and DV
IV: sunlight DV: growth of plant
What is a potential negative impact of selective breeding?
Loss of variation
Which cell part stores genetic instructions for the entire organism and transfer those instructions from one generation to the next?
DNA Sections (Genes)
Brown (B) is dominant to blue (b).
What would be the probability that a heterozygous brown eyed parent crossed with a homozygous recessive blue eyed parent would produce offspring that were homozygous dominant for Brown eyes?
(hint* do the punnett square!!)
0%
What evolutionary factor would be most likely responsible for the variation in beak sizes and shapes of birds in a specific location?
Adaptation to different food sources on the islands
You notice that the plants in your garden are growing taller in the area where they get more sunlight.
What would be your hypothesis if you wanted to test whether sunlight helps plants grow taller?
If plants receive more sunlight, then they will grow taller because sunlight is needed for photosynthesis
What does the phrase mutations are random, but natural selection is not mean?
Mutations occur by chance, but natural selection favors traits that help organisms survive and reproduce in their environment