Underwater mountains or volcanoes are called what?
seamounts
100
Which layer of the ocean has the warmest temperatures?
sunlight zone
100
Name the layers of the earth from the innermost layer.
inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
100
How is sedimentary rock formed?
Sediment gets cemented together under pressure to form sedimentary rock.
100
Name at least three properties of minerals.
hardness, luster, color, shape, cleavage/fracture
200
Which part of the ocean is a submerged border of a continent?
continental shelf
200
What causes waves in the ocean?
wind
200
What is the process of dropping sediment in a new location called?
deposition
200
Pumice is formed when lava from a volcano cools. Which type of rock is pumice? Name one more of this type of rock.
igneous; basalt, obsidian, rhyolite, granite
200
Which of the following is a producer in the ocean food chain? anchovy, bristle worm, phytoplankton, angler fish
phytoplankton
300
What is a continental slope?
the steep area where the ocean rapidly gets deeper, between the continental shelf and the continental rise
300
Which part of the ocean is home to the most organisms?
near-shore zone
300
A river erodes its banks for thousands of years, and deposits the eroded material at its mouth. What two landforms did the river make?
a canyon and a delta
300
How is metamorphic rock formed? Name a type of metamorphic rock.
Metamorphic rock forms as a results of high pressure and hig temperature coming into contact with rock; marble, quartzite, shale, gneiss
300
Can metamorphic rocks form on Earth's surface? Why or why not?
No, the great pressure needed to form metamorphic rock does not occur on Earth's surface.
400
As water flows along the continental shelf and continental slope, it picks up and carries sediments. These sediments are deposited below the slope and form the....?
continental rise
400
Name the layers of the ocean in order from deepest to shallowest.
midnight zone, twilight zone, sunlight zone
400
What is a fossil fuel? Name an example of a fossil fuel.
A fossil fuel is a resource formed from the buried remains of once-living organisms. Examples: coal, oil, natural gas
400
Ninety-five percent of igneous and metamorphic rocks are below Earth's surface. Why is this true?
Most igneous and metamorphic rocks are formed below the Earth's surface.
400
What causes ocean currents? Name at least three causes.
wind, temperature, salinity, and the shape of the ocean floor and shoreline
500
A scientist wants to send a submersible to explore the deepest part of the ocean. Which area should the submersible be sent?
trench
500
Is the Gulf Stream a warm or cold current? Explain where the Gulf Stream flows.
warm current; from south to north near North Americas east coast, then east toward Europe
500
What type of plate boundary is formed when Earth's plates separate and new crust is formed by magma pushing up from the mantle?
divergent boundary
500
Why aren't fossils found in igneous rocks?
Igneous rock forms when molten rock cools. The fossils would be destroyed by the heat.
500
Both metamorphic rock and igneous rock are formed by high temperatures. How are they different?
Igneous rock forms when rock melts and hardens. During the process in which metamorphic rock forms, the rock does not get hot enough to melt.