Unit 1-Planets
Where is the asteroid belt located?
Between the inner and outer planets, Mars and Jupiter
What causes tides?
The gravitational pull of the sun and moon.
What is the driving force of the Water Cycle?
The Sun
Give a description of Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition.
Weathering- breaking down
Erosion- taking away
Deposition- dropping it
What happens to cold air?
What happens to warm air?
Cold air is more dense, so it sinks.
Warm air is less dense, so it rises.
All weather is energy in motion. Where does this energy come from?
Sun
What keeps the planets in orbit around the sun?
Gravity and Inertia
Why do we have seasons?
Tilt of Earth's axis and its orbit/revolution around the sun.
What is the approximate percentage of Fresh Water vs. Salt Water?
Salt- 97%
Fresh- 3%
Where are the oldest fossils found (top or bottom layer) and what do they help us learn about?
In the bottom layer.
Fossils teach us about past events.
Name the 3 types of Heat Transfer and give an example for each.
Conduction- touching a hot pan
Convection- hairdryer
Radiation- sun
What color and symbol represent a cold, warm, and stationary front?
Cold- blue, triangles
Warm- red, half circles
Stationary- red/blue, triangles/circles
List out the differences between the inner and outer planets.
Inner-Terrestrial, Solid, Smaller, Rocky, Closer to the Sun, More Dense
Outer-Jovian, Gas, Larger, Rings, Further from the Sun, Less Dense
If you are looking at a picture of the moon phases, where should the sun be positioned?
Next to the New Moon
Name the Ocean Floor Features that raise above the water.
Continental Shelf and Volcanic Island
List the 3 plate boundaries and what happens at each of them.
Convergent- moutains, volcanos, trenches
Divergent- mid-ocean ridge, rift valley
Transform- earthquakes
Day: Land
Night: Water
List 3 examples of renewable and nonrenewable resources.
Renewable- solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass, geothermal
Nonrenewable- coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear
The Universe is the biggest and holds many galaxies. The Galaxy holds the Solar System. The Solar System has all the planets and the sun.
If the Northern Hemisphere is experiencing Summer, what is the Southern Hemisphere experiencing?
Winter
What causes surface currents and deep ocean currents?
Surface Currents- Wind
Deep Ocean Currents- Density/Salinity
List the mechanical and the compositional layers of the Earth.
Mechanical Layers- Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere, Outer Core, Inner Core
Compositional Layers- Crust, Mantle, Core
The rotation of Earth affects the direction of currents in water and wind, what causes this to occur?
Coriolis Effect
What does it mean to conserve resources and what are some examples?
Conserving resources- using them carefully and efficiently to ensure their availability for future generations.
Examples: turning off water when it is not being used, turning off lights when you leave a room, unplugging phone chargers when they are not being used, using a reusable water bottle
Explain the Theories - Big Bang Theory, Geocentric, and Heliocentric
Big Bang Theory- theory of how the universe began
Geocentric- Earth is at the center of the Solar System
Heliocentric- Sun is at the center of the Solar System
Describe the difference between a solar and lunar eclipse?
Solar- the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, blocking the Sun's light and casting a shadow on the Earth, New Moon Phase, SME
Lunar- the Earth passes between the Sun and Moon, blocking the Sun's light from reaching the Moon and casting a shadow on it, Full Moon Phase, SEM
Describe all the steps of the Water Cycle.
Evaporation- Sun heats up the water, causing it to evaporate into the atmosphere
Transpiration- Evaporation of Plants
Condensation- vapor turns back into liquid, forming clouds.
Precipitation- Clouds become to heavy and release water back to Earth in the form of Rain, Snow, Sleet, or Hail
Runoff- Water that is not absorbed into the ground flows back into a source of Water
Name each of the types of rocks and explain how they are formed.
Sedimentary- cementation/compaction of sediments
Igneous- formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock
Metamorphic- formed from other rocks that are changed by heat and pressure
Name each of the layers of the atmosphere and give an example of something that occurs in each one.
Troposphere- we live here, weather
Stratosphere- planes fly, ozone layer
Mesosphere- meteors burn up
Thermosphere- Northern lights, most satellites
Exosphere- some satellites
What is the difference between reducing water and reusing water? Provide an example with your explanation.
Reducing involves making less waste in the first place, while reusing means finding new uses for materials that would otherwise be discarded.
Reduce- reducing the water flow
Reuse- using water from another source