Describing Biodiversity
This formula is used to calculate Diversity in ecosystems
Simpsons Diversity Index
Approximately how much energy is passed from one trophic level to the next?
10%
Identify the complementary DNA strand for TAG
ATC
Name the 3 modes of speciation
Allopatric
Sympatric
Parapatric
what type of acids are DNA and RNA?
nucleic acids
This species is characterized by having only a few offspring but investing high amounts of parental care
K- Selected Species
Define Keystone Species
A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionately large impact on the environment relative to its abundance
What process results in the production of four diploid cells?
Meiosis
What does stabilising selection select for?
Moderate traits in a population
What is resource partitioning?
Allows for species to use the resources of their environment differently and therefore occupy different niches.
Eg. different forest birds may feed at different heights above the ground
What is the 8 levels to the Linnean system of classification?
Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Define carrying capacity
The maximum population size of a biological species that can be sustained by that specific environment, given the food, habitat, water, and other resources available
What is the purpose of PCR
To amplify specific DNA strands
Define molecular homology
Comparison of particular molecules (amino acids/proteins or nucleotides) between different species for similarity to determine evolutionary relationships
Write the formula for the capture-mark-recapture (Lincoln Index) and define the terms.
N=(Mxn)/m, where N= total population
M= number of inds caught & marked initially
n= number of inds caught on second sampling
m= number of marked individuals recaptured
One species is gaining an advantage while the other species is being harmed.
Identify the species interaction being described.
Parasitism
Explain how carrying capacity is limited by food availability
There may not be enough food for the whole population, causing some organisms to die off, therefore changing the carrying capacity of the population.
What is the role of Helicase in DNA replication
To unzip the DNA strand by breaking hydrogen bonds
A population of birds was observed to have individuals with very short and very long wings, with very few birds observed with medium sized wings. What type of selection is shown here?
Disruptive selection
Algae >tadpole>tortoise>heron. The Solar energy originally stored by the algae that actually reaches the heron would be closest to:
a.) 25%
b.) 10%
c.) 1%
d.) 0.1%
d.) 0.1%
What is the difference between a realised niche and a fundamental niche?
Realised niche represents the actual species' niche (resource use), whereas fundamental niche is the theoretical potential niche of a species.
Explain primary succession
In primary succession, newly exposed or newly formed rock is colonized by living things for the first time.
Down syndrome is caused by Trisomy 21.
Explain the term Trisomy 21
Three copies of chromosome 21
Name the 2 of the 4 principles of natural selection
1.) Variation
2.) Heritability
3.) Struggle for existence
4.) Differential Survival and Reproduction
Central Dogma
DNA -> RNA -> Protein