Homeostasis
This term describes the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.
What is homeostasis?
This long projection of a neuron transmits impulses away from the cell body.
What is an axon?
This system is one of the primary pathways through which hormones travel to reach target cells.
What is the circulatory / lymphatic system?
This structural feature helps endotherms retain heat by reducing heat loss.
What is insulation?
These animals maintain their internal water balance by conforming to the osmolarity of their environment.
What are osmoconformers?
This type of feedback mechanism helps maintain homeostasis by counteracting changes.
What is negative feedback?
This part of a neuron contains the nucleus and is essential for the cell’s metabolic activities.
What is the soma (cell body)?
This term describes the increase in the number of receptors on a cell, enhancing its sensitivity to a hormone.
What is upregulation?
This mechanism involves the transfer of heat between blood vessels flowing in opposite directions.
What is countercurrent heat exchange?
This system in animals is primarily responsible for removing waste and maintaining water balance.
What is the excretory system?
These sensory receptors detect light stimuli.
What are photoreceptors?
These small sacs in the axon terminal contain neurotransmitters.
What are vesicles?
This hormone is produced by the pancreas and helps regulate blood sugar levels.
What is insulin?
This physiological response involves the dilation of blood vessels to increase heat loss.
What is vasodilation?
This hormone helps regulate water balance by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.
What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
These effectors contract in response to neural stimuli.
What are muscles?
This type of neuron has a myelin sheath, nodes of Ranvier, and transmits impulses to muscles or glands.
What is a motor neuron?
This hormone is produced by the thyroid gland and regulates metabolism.
What is thyroxine?
This state of inactivity and metabolic depression helps endotherms survive cold conditions.
What is hibernation?
This part of a plant cell stores water and helps maintain turgor pressure.
What is the vacuole?
This type of metabolism involves the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones.
What is anabolism?
This term describes the process by which a signal is transmitted across a synapse.
What is signal transduction?
This type of receptor binding can result in a decrease in normal cellular processes.
What is receptor inhibition?
This type of tissue in endotherms helps generate heat through non-shivering thermogenesis.
What is brown adipose tissue?
This type of plant has deep root systems to access water from deep underground sources.
What is a xerophyte?