Atkinson-Shiffrin Model
A store for incoming, fleeting sensory information.
Sensory memory
Memories of skills, emotions, preferences and dispositions, also called procedural or non-declarative memories.
implicit memories
The storage system for auditory information in working memory.
Phonological loop
The brain structure involved in storage and retrieval of implicit memories, particularly procedural and motor memory.
Cerebellum
The process of grouping items together to improve memory capacity- especially short-term memory- as a means of committing to long-term memory.
Chunking
The capacity of short-term memory.
5-9 pieces of information
Memories of facts, names, images and events; also called declarative memories.
Explicit memories
The storage system for visual information in working memory.
Visuospatial sketchpad
The brain structure involved in transferring STM to LTM, especially explicit memories.
hippocampus
Memory techniques that help to recall information by creating a connection between complex ideas and simpler, easier-to-remember words, phrases, or images. Common forms of include acronyms, rhymes, imagery, songs.
Mnemonics
The duration of short-term memory.
15-30 seconds
One aspect of implicit memory; memory for how to perform particular tasks, skills or actions.
procedural memory
The model of memory that theorises the deeper the processing of information, the greater the chance of it being retrieved.
Levels of Processing model
When previously-learnt material hinders the ability to learn or recall new information. E.g. struggling to remember a new password because of the old one.
Proactive interference
A strategy for keeping information in short-term memory or for moving it into long-term memory by simply repeating information over and over.
Maintenance rehearsal
The capacity of long-term memory.
unlimited
Long-term memories of episodes or experiences in your life.
Episodic memory
The model of memory that suggests that mental work is occurring at any given time, including retrieving information, problem solving, and comprehending sounds and visions.
Working model of memory
When newly-acquired information makes it difficult to recall older information. The new memory disrupts the retrieval of the old one.
Retroactive interference.
A mnemonic that involves six steps: survey, question, read, recite, relate and review to help learning retention.
SQ4R method
The two types of sensory memory.
iconic and echoic
Memory for facts or general knowledge.
Semantic memory
The functional component of working memory that is responsible for switching attention from task to task, deciding what material is to be retrieved from or committed to long-term memory, and for performing calculation and making linkages.
Central executive
Mental reminders or prompts that we create to assist our recollection later on.
Cues
A mnemonic that focuses on visualisations to strengthen memory.
Method of loci (Memory palace)