Homeostasis 1
The two types of feedback.
What are positive and negative?
A nerve cell.
What is a neurone?
A chemical messenger.
What is a hormone?
Illnesses caused by harmful microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that invade the body.
What are infectious diseases?
Redness, heat, swelling, and pain are the four cardinal signs of this innate response.
What is inflammation?
This type of receptor responds to temperature.
What are thermoreceptors?
The long, threadlike part of a nerve cell that conducts impulses away from the cell body.
What is the axon?
This hormone helps the kidneys conserve water.
What is ADH (antidiuretic hormone?
A layer that sits outside the cell wall of some bacteria. It protects the bacteria from drying out or being destroyed by immune cells
What are capsules?
A living organism that carries and transmits an infectious pathogen.
What is a vector?
The maintenance of a stable internal environment in the body.
What is homeostasis?
A brief electrical impulse that travels down a neuron's axon to transmit signals.
What is an action potential?
Chemical messengers that neurons use to transmit signals across a synapse.
What are neurotransmitters?
Any substance that triggers an immune response.
What is an antigen?
Immunoglobulins is another word for these proteins produced by B cells to fight foreign invaders.
What are antibodies?
A process that reverses a stimulus or returns a system to a set point.
What is negative feedback?
These nerve cells carry signals or information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system.
What are sensory neurons?
Blood vessels near the skin surface narrow. This keeps warm blood deep inside the body to protect vital organs from the cold.
Skin, mucous membranes, and tears provide this type of barrier against infection.
What are physical or surface barriers?
These long-lived immune cells persist after an infection and launch a rapid response if the same pathogen re-enters the body.
What are memory cells?
This specialised type of fat tissue helps newborns regulate body temperature by burning energy to produce heat instead of storing it.
What is brown adipose tissue?
This process occurs when a stimulus causes positively charged ions, such as sodium ions, to rush into a neuron, making the internal membrane potential less negative.
What is depolarisation?
This type of feedback loop amplifies or increases a change in the body's physiological condition rather than reversing it.
What is positive feedback?
This type of white blood cell matures in the bone marrow and produces antibodies to fight antigens and foreign invaders.
What are B lymphocytes?
These white blood cells are the most common phagocytes and arrive early at infection sites.
What are neutrophils?