Psychology General
Psychology is the (blank) study of human behaviour and mental processes. (what word goes in the blank space?)
Psychology is the SCIENTIFIC study of human behaviour and mental processes.
What is the name of the variable that is measured in a study?
The dependent variable.
What is the name of the design where participants complete both conditions?
Repeated measures design
When participants form an interpretation of the study that consciously or subconcsiously changes their behaviour accordingly.
Demand characteristics
What type of sampling involves using people who are convenient and available?
Opportunity
Psychology is the scientific study of behaviour and ...?
mental process / cognitive processes / cognition / internal processes (any of these terms is fine).
What is the name of the variable that is manipulated by the researcher/s in a study?
Independent variable
What is the name of the design where participants complete either the experimental condition or the control condition?
Independent measures design
Changes in participants responses that arise from the order in which experimental conditions are presented.
Order effects (practice, intereference, fatigue)
What is it called when you give someone a treatment (e.g. pill or injection) that has no biological effects, but may have an effect if the person believes it will?
A placebo.
In psychology, is anecdotal or empirical evidence more valuable?
Empirical
What is the name given to a variable that might affect the dependent variable, but is not what the researchers are interested in studying?
Extraneous variable.
What is one limitation of repeated measures design?
Demand characteristics are more likely, order effects such as fatigue or practice could confound the results.
When the participants attempts to find out the purpose of the study and sabotage the credibility of the study.
Screw you effect
Name one part of the brain that we will study in the biological approach.
frontal lobe or prefrontal cortex are both acceptable answers, as is the amygdala.
In the scientific approach to studying psychology, after we gather data and form a hypothesis, what's the next step?
Test the hypothesis.
Why are laboratory experiments used to investigate causational relationships?
Because extraneous variables can be controlled in a laboratory, so the IV can be isolated as the only variable influencing the DV.
Name one limitation of independent measures design.
Participant variability could confound the results as different set of participants completes each condition.
When participants act in a certain way because they believe it is socially acceptable.
Social desirability effect
Give one ethical consideration relevant to research on genetics.
Duty to warn, stigmatization, self-fulfilling prophecy, confidentiality.
What do psychologists need to ensure about their variables in the hypotheses?
They are operationalised
What are two reasons why we might not be able to conclude a causational relationship from a study?
1) There are too many extraneous or confounding variables. 2) We do not know the direction of the relationship in the study (i.e. which variable is affecting which).
What research design did Maguire use in her study on taxi drivers and bus drivers?
She didn't randomly allocate participants, it was a quasi-experiment.
What is it called when we're not sure of the direction of influence in a relationship between two variables?
Bidirectional ambiguity
What is Mr. Ricky's Daughters name?
Here name is Mss. Seen