Vocab 1
The hydrogen atom has only certain allowable energy states; the electron moves around the nucleus in only certain allowed circular orbits; it predicted the frequencies of the lines in hydrogen’s atomic emission spectrum.
What is Bohr's model of the atom?
The lowest allowable energy state of an atom.
What is ground state?
A complete quantum state of an electron is described by the ______ quantum numbers.
What is four?
The shape of the s orbital
What is spherical?
The shape of the p orbital
dumbbell-shaped
The state of an atom that gained energy; electrons jump from ground state to a higher energy level orbit.
What is excited state?
Hydrogen atoms in an excited state release energy as photons.
What is the hydrogen line spectrum?
This number, or shell, of an electron determines its average distance from the nucleus as well as its energy. So electrons with higher values are farther away on average from the nucleus and will have more energy and less stability than electrons in shells with lower values.
What is principal quantum number?
Number of s orbitals on one principal energy level
What is one?
Number of p orbitals on one principal energy level.
What is three?
The wavelength of a particle is the ratio between Plank’s constant and the particle’s momentum: λ=h/p.
What is De Broglie equation?
It is fundamentally impossible to know precisely both the momentum and the position of a particle at the same time; it is impossible to take any measurement of an object without disturbing the object.
What is Heisenberg uncertainty principle?
The number assigned to each subshell of an electron and describes the shape of the orbital and the energy sublevel. For a given value of the principal quantum number n, the possible values of ℓ range from 0 to n − 1.
What is angular momentum quantum number?
Number of d orbitals on one principal energy level.
What is five?
Number of f orbitals on one principal energy level?
What is seven?
A mathematical equation that describes the changes over time of a physical system in which quantum effects, such as wave–particle duality, are significant. Each solution of the equation is known as a wave function, which is related to the probability of finding the electron within a particular volume of space around the nucleus.
What is Schrödinger’s wave equation?
Quantum mechanical model of the atom is the model that treats electrons as ______
What is waves?
Each shell contains ____ orbitals.
What is n2?
Number of electrons on the 3rd principal energy level.
What is 18?
Number of electrons on the 2nd principal energy level.
What is 8?
This number describes the orientation of the orbital in space; distinguishes the orbitals available within a subshell; values can range from -ℓ to +ℓ, inclusive of zero.
What is magnetic quantum number?
One of the quantum numbers; it was observed on atoms with odd number of electrons that the unpaired electron has a rotation that remains unbalanced (paramagnetism).
What is spin quantum number?
They describe the position of the electrons in relation to the nucleus; each electron has four of these that apply to its shell, subshell, orbital, and spin.
What is quantum numbers?
In one model electrons have distinct circular paths around the nucleus, while in the second model electrons don’t have distinct paths, but they are contained in 3D orbitals surrounding the nucleus. Both models have clearly defined energy levels where the electrons are located.
What is Bohr's vs Quantum mechanical atom model?
Number of electrons on the 4th principal energy level
What is 32?