Biomolecules
Which macromolecule is the body’s main source of quick energy?
A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Lipids
D. Nucleic acids
B. Carbohydrates
Which structure controls the cell and holds genetic material?
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Cytoplasm
D. Mitochondria
B. Nucleus
Which part of the cell regulates what enters and exits?
A. Nucleus
B. Cell wall
C. Cytoplasm
D. Cell membrane
D. Cell membrane
What is the first phase of mitosis?
A. Metaphase
B. Prophase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
B. Prophase
What is the main source of energy for photosynthesis?
A. Oxygen
B. Water
C. Sunlight
D. Glucose
C. Sunlight
What are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins?
A. Monosaccharides
B. Fatty acids
C. Nucleotides
D. Amino acids
D. Amino acids
Who first named "cells" after viewing cork under a microscope?
A. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
B. Robert Hooke
C. Charles Darwin
D. Theodor Schwann
B. Robert Hooke
What is the movement of water across a membrane called?
A. Diffusion
B. Active transport
C. Osmosis
D. Endocytosis
C. Osmosis
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replicate?
A. Mitosis
B. Interphase
C. Cytokinesis
D. Prophase
B. Interphase
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
A. To store sunlight
B. To produce oxygen
C. To make ATP
D. To break down ATP
C. To make ATP
Which of the following is a function of proteins in the body?
A. Energy storage
B. Genetic information
C. Enzymatic activity
D. Waterproofing
C. Enzymatic activity
Which part of the endomembrane system is responsible for protein modification and packaging?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Chloroplast
C. Golgi apparatus
Which process moves molecules from high to low concentration without energy?
A. Active transport
B. Diffusion
C. Phagocytosis
D. Exocytosis
B. Diffusion
What is the final stage of the cell cycle where the cytoplasm divides?
A.M phase
B. G1 phase
C. Cytokinesis
D. Karyokinesis
C. Cytokinesis
Which organelle is the site of aerobic respiration?
A. Chloroplast
B. Ribosome
C. Golgi body
D. Mitochondria
D. Mitochondria
Which process builds polymers from monomers by removing water?
A. Hydrolysis
B. Polymerization
C. Dehydration
D. Respiration
C. Dehydration
Which of these structures is found in plant cells but not animal cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Chloroplast
D. Mitochondrion
C. Chloroplast
Which process allows the cell to engulf large particles?
A. Exocytosis
B. Osmosis
C. Phagocytosis
D. Facilitated diffusion
C. Phagocytosis
Which statement is true about the cells produced by meiosis?
A. They are genetically identical
B. They have half the number of chromosomes
C. They have twice the number of chromosomes
D. They are used for repairing tissues
B. They have half the number of chromosomes
Where in the chloroplast does the light-dependent reaction occur?
A. Stroma
B. Inner membrane
C. Thylakoid membrane
D. Mitochondrial matrix
C. Thylakoid membrane
What type of bond connects the phosphate and sugar in nucleic acids?
A. Peptide bond
B. Ester bond
C. Glycosidic bond
D. Phosphodiester bond
D. Phosphodiester bond
What is one feature unique to prokaryotic cells?
A. They contain mitochondria
B. They have no nucleus
C. They have chloroplasts
D. They are multicellular
B. They have no nucleus
Which transport method uses protein pumps to move ions across the membrane?
A. Simple diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Passive transport
D. Active transport
D. Active transport
How is meiosis II different from meiosis I?
A. Meiosis II involves DNA replication
B. Meiosis II separates homologous chromosomes
C. Meiosis II produces diploid cells
D. Meiosis II separates sister chromatids
D. Meiosis II separates sister chromatids
During exercise, why does your body switch to lactic acid fermentation?
A. Because oxygen levels are high
B. To store energy in the muscles
C. Because your cells run out of oxygen
D. To make more glucose
C. Because your cells run out of oxygen