Periodic Table
How many valence electrons does phosphorus (P) have?
5
Which noble gas is found in period 5?
Xenon (Xe)
Color
Physical property
Describe the shape and volume of a liquid. (definite/fixed or indefinite/unfixed)
The shape is indefinite, and the volume is definite.
Is iron (Fe) an element, compound, homogeneous mixture, or a heterogeneous mixture? Why?
Element - It is made of only one type of atom and can be found on the periodic table.
What group and period does fluorine (F) belong to?
group 17, period 2
Which alkali metal is lightest?
Li - H is not an alkali metal.
Burning
Chemical change
How do solid particles move?
They vibrate in place.
Is baking soda (NaHCO3) an element, compound, homogeneous mixture, or a heterogeneous mixture? Why?
Compound - Multiple elements are chemically bonded together with a fixed ratio.
What do elements in the same group have in common?
Number of valence electrons / properties
How many electrons are on the third energy level of a magnesium atom?
2
Corrosiveness
Chemical property
When liquid changes to gas
Vaporization
Is soda an element, compound, homogeneous mixture, or a heterogeneous mixture? Why?
Heterogeneous mixture - The liquid and the gas bubbles are visibly different and are made of two different states of matter.
Would you expect sulfur (S) to have similar properties as chlorine (Cl) or oxygen (O)? Explain why.
Sulfur is more similar to oxygen because they are both in group 16, meaning they both have 6 valence electrons. This means they have similar properties.
How many electrons are on the second energy level of a silicon atom?
8- Silicon has a full second energy level. The second energy level holds 8 electrons.
Melting
Physical change
You remove an ice cube from your freezer and it melts. Draw and label a heating curve showing the temperature over time.
Your heating curve should show the temperature starting below 0C. Once the temperature reaches 0, there should be a flat line showing that temperature stayed the same during melting. The temperature should then continue to increase.
Is an alloy an element, compound, homogeneous mixture, or a heterogeneous mixture? Why?
Homogeneous mixture - An alloy is a mixture because it is a physical combination of metals with an unfixed ratio. It is homogeneous because you cannot see the difference between the metals.
What do elements in the same period have in common?
Number of energy levels
What happens to atomic radius as you more down the periodic table? Why?
Atomic radius increases as you move down the periodic table. With each new period, a new energy level is added, meaning the valence electrons are farther away from the nucleus and the atom is bigger.
Solubility
Physical property
What are two differences between evaporation and boiling?
Evaporation happens at any temperature, but only at the surface of the liquid.
Boiling happens at the boiling point all throughout the liquid.
What are two major differences between a compound and a mixture?