Unit 2: Colonies to Country
This 1783 agreement formally ended the Revolutionary War and secured U.S. independence.
Treaty of Paris (1783)
A supporter of ratifying the Constitution who favored a stronger national government.
Federalist
The 1803 land deal that doubled U.S. territory, bought from France.
Louisiana Purchase (1803)
1812 conflict whose later memory helped foster American nationalism and inspired a famous poem-turned-anthem.
War of 1812 (and "The Star-Spangled Banner")
Economic system where the government takes a hands-off approach and lets markets operate with little regulation.
Laissez‑faire capitalism
The system of slavery where people are owned as property and treated as movable assets is called this.
Chattel slavery
Opponents of the Constitution who feared centralized power and wanted stronger protections for states and individual rights.
Anti-Federalist
President associated with Indian Removal and the rise of the modern Democratic Party.
Andrew Jackson
1820 agreement that drew a line limiting slavery in the territories north of 36°30' (except Missouri).
Missouri Compromise (1820)
1869 transportation achievement that connected the East and West coasts and accelerated national expansion.
Transcontinental Railroad (completed 1869)
The year often cited as the arrival of the first recorded enslaved Africans in English North America (Virginia) is this.
1619
Early U.S. document (ratified before the Constitution) that created a weak central government and encouraged calls for revision.
Articles of Confederation
The religious revival movement of the early 19th century that inspired social reform and reform-minded leaders.
Second Great Awakening
1854 law that opened new territories to popular sovereignty and effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise.
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
1882 federal law that halted Chinese immigration for a period and reflected rising nativism.
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)
Name the 1739 slave uprising in South Carolina that revealed deep resistance to slavery.
Stono Rebellion (1739)
Pamphlet by Thomas Paine that urged independence and persuaded many colonists to support breaking from Britain.
Thomas Paine’s "Common Sense"
1848 New York convention that launched an organized movement for women's rights in the U.S.
Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled African Americans were not U.S. citizens and that Congress could not ban slavery in territories.
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
Labor organization founded in 1886 that focused on skilled workers and used strikes as a main tactic.
American Federation of Labor (AFL)
Intellectual movement emphasizing reason, natural rights, and government by consent that influenced colonial leaders.
Enlightenment
1791 amendment package added to the Constitution to protect individual liberties; name this collective set.
Bill of Rights (1791)
This invention by Eli Whitney transformed southern agriculture and expanded slavery’s profitability.
Cotton Gin
Name the raid in 1859 where an abolitionist attempted to seize a federal arsenal to spark a slave uprising.
John Brown’s raid at Harpers Ferry (1859)
Term for late-19th-century industrial leaders (e.g., Carnegie, Rockefeller) often used to describe both their power and wealth.
Robber barons / Captains of Industry