The Enlightenment
What was the “Age of Reason” called?
What is the Enlightenment
What belief says God made the world but no longer interferes?
What is Deism
Who first taught that Earth orbits the sun?
Who is Copernicus
What estate did the clergy belong to?
What is the First Estate?
Which pope signed a deal with Napoleon?
Who is Pope Pius VII?
Who said, “I think, therefore I am”?
Who is Descartes
Deists compared God to what?
What is a watchmaker
Who supported this and was later put on trial?
Who is Galileo?
What law forced clergy to swear loyalty to the government?
What is the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?
What was this deal called?
What is the Concordat of 1801
What group was often attacked by Enlightenment thinkers?
What is the Church?
Which belief says reason is the only source of truth?
What is rationalism
What punishment did Galileo face?
What is house arrest?
What were priests called who refused the oath?
What are the réfractaires (stubborn ones)?
How did Napoleon retaliate when the pope excommunicated him?
He kidnapped and imprisoned the pope
Who are the two philosophers who wrote against the Church?
Who are Voltaire and Rousseau
Which authority did many Enlightenment thinkers reject in favor of reason?
What is the authority of the Church
Why did the Church reject the heliocentric model at first?
It seemed to go against Scripture.
What was the bloody period when priests, nobles, and even the king were executed?
What is the Reign of Terror?
What major meeting restored monarchies in Europe after Napoleon’s defeat?
What is the Congress of Vienna?
What idea says human reason alone can explain truth, with no help from faith?
What is rationalism
Which Enlightenment thinkers inspired both the French and American revolutions?
Who are Rousseau and Locke
How did the Scientific Revolution change how people viewed creation?
It showed Earth wasn’t the center, challenging old religious views of God’s plan.
What replaced worship in Notre Dame Cathedral during the Revolution?
What is the Goddess of Reason
Whats an example of how the Revolution’s spirit spread to the New World against the Church?
What is the Church's property in Mexico was taken and priests were killed.