Earth's Layers
The outermost layer of the earth
crust
The three types of rocks
igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary
What are the plates that make up the crust called?
tectonic plates
The Grand Canyon, located in Northern Arizona, is the largest canyon in the United States. It reaches a maximum of 6,000 feet deep. Which of the following factors is most likely to be responsible for the formation of the Grand Canyon?
a. Erosion by water and wind
b. Cracking of the soil resulting from hot and dry weather
c. Accumulation of sediment on the sides of the river
d. Tectonic plate movement
a. Erosion by water and wind
What layer of the earth is made from liquid iron and nickel?
Outer Core
This layer has magma in it
mantle
this rock type is made from intense heat and pressure
metamorphic
What tectonic plate movement is plates moving away from each other?
Divergent
The Andes volcanic mountain range on the western coast of South America is the longest mountain range in the world, consisting of hundreds of volcanoes. Which of the following processes is most likely responsible for the formation of these volcanoes?
a. Convergence of a continental plate and oceanic plate
b. Two tectonic plates moving side-by-side
c. Divergence of two tectonic plates
d. Existence of a hotspot
a. Convergence of a continental plate and oceanic plate
What is the term for rocks being carried away after being broken down?
This layer is made of solid iron and nickle
inner core
This rock type is made from solidified magma
Igneous rock
The Mariana trench is formed by what type of tectonic plate movement?
Convergent subduction
How are igneous rocks formed?
a. Years of sediment are laid down on top of each other and forced together
b. Acid rain caused by pollution creates holes in metamorphic rocks
c. Dust and pebbles are pressed together underground from Earth's heat and pressure
d. Magma from a volcanic eruption cools and hardens
d. Magma from a volcanic eruption cools and hardens
What is the term for the location where rock sediments land after moving?
Deposition
This layer has a magnetic force
outer core
The rock type is made from a collection of sediments that have cemented together
sedimentary rock
What tectonic plate movement slides against each other?
transform
What type of currents are in the mantle?
Convection currents
Are intrusions older or younger then rocks they cut through?
This sub-layer has the tectonic plates and is located in the crust and upper mantle
lithosphere
The breaking down of rocks
weathering
What tectonic plate movement creates mountains over time?
Convergent
Chemical
Is a rock inclusion older or younger then the rocks it is found in?
Older!