Sound Waves
What are the two parts of a longitudinal wave?
Rarefaction (particles are spread apart) and compression (particles are close together)
What is the order of the rainbow?
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet (ROYGBIV).
Define radiation and provide an example.
Radiation is energy that moves from one place to another in the form of waves or particles. An example of this is heat from the sun.
What force is responsible for slowing down a roller coaster? (changing kinetic energy into potential energy)
Friction is responsible. The wheels of the coaster rub against the track, which creates friction.
Are light waves able to travel in space?
Yes, light waves can travel in space because they do not need a medium to travel through.
Explain what resonance is and provide an example.
Resonance is when one object vibrates at another object's natural frequency and causes the second object to vibrate. An example of this is one tuning fork being struck and its vibrations causing a second tuning fork to vibrate.
Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest frequency? And which has the highest frequency?
Radio waves have the lowest frequency and gamma rays have the highest frequency.
Define conduction and provide an example.
Conduction is the transfer of heat through physical touch. An example of this is cooking an egg in a pan that is on a stove.
If a person is diving off of a diving board, where is their kinetic energy at the greatest?
At the bottom when the person makes contact with the water.
What happens to the resulting wave in constructive interference? (hint: think amplitude) You may draw a picture to explain.
In constructive interference two waves combine and the resulting waves has a LARGER amplitude.
What determines the loudness and pitch of a sound?
Amplitude determines loudness and frequency determines the pitch of a sound.
What is the difference between ultraviolet and visible light on the EM spectrum? (hint: think about frequency, wavelength, and energy)
Ultraviolet has a higher frequency, shorter wavelength, more energy, and is invisible compared to visible light that has a lower frequency, longer wavelength, and is visible.
Define convection and provide an example.
Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquid or gas). An example of this is boiling water.
How does height effect potential energy?
The greater the height, the more potential energy.
Light is reflected off a plane mirror. Describe the Law of Reflection? (hint: what are the angles like?)
The Law of Reflection states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
Sound waves need a medium to travel through and therefore cannot travel in space. Which medium does sound travel fastest through? (solid, liquid, gas?) And at what temperature does sound move fastest? (cold or hot)?
Sound travels fastest through solid and slowest through gas. Sound moves faster in warm temperature than in colder temperature.
Provide the order of the EM spectrum from low frequency to high frequency. Include a picture showing how the frequency of the EM spectrum changes.
Radio, microwave, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-ray, and gamma rays.
Provide at least three examples of conduction.
Heating a pot on a stove, touching a hot cup of coffee, feeling heat from sand on your feet, feeling coldness of metal spoon in a frozen drink, etc.
What is the definition of potential energy? What is the definition kinetic energy?
Potential energy- stored energy that an object has due to its position
Kinetic energy- the energy an object possesses due to its motion
Draw and label all the parts of a transverse wave.
Crest is the top of the wave, trough is the bottom of the wave, wavelength is from crest to crest or trough to trough, and amplitude is the height of the wave.
Bats and dolphins use echolocation to locate objects. What happens to the sound waves during echolocation?
During echolocation sound waves are reflected off objects in order to locate them and navigate.
When white light enters a prism it comes out the other side as a rainbow. Why do the colors of the rainbow appear in a specific order? (hint: think frequency and wavelength)
These colors are ordered in order of wavelength, red has a larger wavelength and low frequency, and violet has a short wavelength and high frequency.
Explain an example in which conduction, convection, and radiation are occurring. You can draw or explain.
Boiling water on a stove. The conduction is the handling becoming hot and you touching it, convection is the water boiling, and radiation is from the stove coils to the pot.
Draw a picture of a pendulum that shows where potential energy is the greatest, potential and kinetic energy are equal, and kinetic energy is the greatest.
At the top of the pendulum the potential energy is the greatest, in the middle potential and kinetic are equal and at the bottom kinetic energy is the greatest.
Think back to the Virtual Optics Interactivity and worksheet. Draw a picture of how plane mirrors reflect light. Include at least four mirrors in your drawing and the line in which light is reflected.
The angle of incidence should be equal to the angle of reflection in all of the mirrors.