DNA/RNA
Genetics
Natural Selection
Evolution
Misc
100
What are the components of a nucleotide?
A sugar, 1 of the 4 nitrogenous bases, a phosphate group
100
Technique used to compare DNA fragments based on fragment size
Gel Electrophoresis
100
The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
Natural selection
100
Who is often referred to as the Father of Evolution?
Charles Darwin
100
What is the function of an enzyme?
To lower the activation energy and speed up the rate of the reaction.
200
What bases pair together in DNA and what bases pair together in RNA?
DNA- A & T G & C
RNA- A & U G & C
200
A technique used to treat or prevent disease.
Gene Therapy
200
Natural selection produces changes most quickly in (1) species with short reproductive cycles
(2) individual pathogens killed by antibiotics
(3) complex multicellular organisms
(4) individuals that produce a small number of offspring
(1) species with short reproductive cycles
200
A trait that improves an organisms ability to survive and reproduce is known as ...
An Adaptation
200
What statements can be made about any of the species above? (Species A-M)
Species A is the oldest...
Species C and D are more closely related than species C and P
etc.
300
What are the nitrogenous bases in DNA vs RNA?
DNA- Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
RNA- Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cystosine
300
The deliberate choice to mate certain organisms in order to make one trait stronger or more apparent.
Selective Breeding
300
What is meant by the term a common ancestor?
An animal from which two or more species have evolved.
300
What are the two categories of adaptations? Provide an example of each.
Behavioral Adaptation- An organism hibernating when its really cold.
Physical Adaptation- A turtles shell
300
What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?
Sugars
400
Using the RNA sequence AUG GGC CCG , find the corresponding amino acids.
Met or Start, Gly, Pro
400
A ________ is a change in the DNA sequence, resulting from errors in DNA replication, transcription, or translation.
Mutation
400
How can the beaks of finches in the Galapagos Islands demonstrate the theory of natural selection?
Finches originated from common ancestor but over time (generations) based on the food source, finch changed based on their ability to survive and reproduce.
400
What evidence can we use today to support Darwin's theory that all species share a common ancestor?
homologous structures, fossils, comparative embryology, gel electrophoresis, molecular evidence etc.
400
What are the steps to the scientific method?
Ask a question(Identify the problem)/ Form a Hypothesis/ Design an Conduct experiment/Analyze the Data/ Draw Conclusions/Communicate Results
500
What are two examples of mutations that can occur in a DNA segment? Provide an example of each.
Insertion, Deletion, Frameshift, Substitution
Allow points for correct examples.
500
Define the term GMO. What is an example?
Genetically Modified Organism , accept any example.
500
Describe how the process of natural selection can result in an increase in frequencies of certain traits found in a population
beneficial traits will be seen more often in later generations
500
Which fossils are the oldest?
Which fossils are the newest?
Oldest- Trilobites
Newest- mammoth
500
What is the equation for photosynthesis? (What are the products and reactants?)
CO2 + H2O (Sunlight) --> O2 + C6H12O2