What is the overall purpose of cellular respiration?
What is "to release energy from sugar in the presence of oxygen"
100
What type of biological molecule on the surface of viruses helps the virus "unlock" a cell to enter it?
What is "proteins"
100
Name 3 different shapes that bacteria can be.
What is "sphere, rod, spiral"
100
This is a large of group of animals that don't have a backbone.
What is "invertebrates"
100
Name 2 examples of animals that are able to reproduce asexually.
What is "aphids, sea anenomes, komodo dragons, flat worms"
200
Write out the balanced chemical equation for cellular respiration.
What is "C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy"
200
Name 2 similarities that viruses have to living organisms.
What is "genetic material (DNA or RNA), evolve, reproduce...but remember! They REQUIRE a host cell in order to replicate"
200
True or false (if false, correct the statement): all bacteria have cell walls, but none of them have a nucleus.
What is "true"
200
What are four major characteristics of all animals?
What is "multicellular, eukaryotes, heterotrophs, move at some point in their lives, don't have cell walls"
200
What is the name of the reproductive process in bacteria in which 2 bacteria exchange genetic information?
What is "conjugation"
300
True or false (if false, correct the statement): animals, fungi, and bacteria respire, but plants and protists do not
What is "all organisms respire, even plants! plants, animals, fungi, protists, and plants"
300
What are 3 things you can do to help you recover more quickly from a viral infection?
What is "bed rest, drink fluids, eat well-balanced meals"
300
What is the name of the whip-like structure that bacteria use to move around?
What is "flagellum"
300
How many total animal phyla are there? How many of these phyla are vertebrates? (must answer both questions correctly to get the points)
What is "35, 1"
300
Provide 3 examples of animals that exhibit radial symmetry.
What is "jellyfish, sea anenome, sea star"
400
What is/are the product(s) of alcoholic fermentation?
What is "alcohol and carbon dioxide"
400
Name 2 differences between an active viral cycle and a hidden viral cycle.
What is "active viruses immediately go into action after they enter a cell - the cell begins to replicate the viruses , and the cell bursts and releases lots of new viruses. Hidden viruses, on the other hand, insert their DNA into the host cell's DNA and can remain hidden (part of the cell) for years (copied along with the rest of the cell). At some point, the viral DNA will remove itself from the host's DNA and manufacture new viruses which will also ultimately cause the host cell to burst"
400
Name 3 different strategies that bacteria use to obtain the energy they need.
What is "autotrophs, heterotrophs, chemoautotrophs (energy from chemical substances in their environment"
400
Name 3 ways that evolutionary biologists have used to help figure out how closely different animals are related on the evolutionary tree?
What is "DNA, body structure, the way an animal develops, fossils"
400
Asexual reproduction in bacteria is specifically called _________________. When conditions are unfavorable, some bacteria can form an ________, which is a small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell that can survive for many years (must fill in both blanks correctly to receive points).
What is "binary fission; endospore"
500
When and why do humans use the process of lactic acid fermentation?
What is "when humans exercise, the cells are rapidly breaking down sugars but sometimes they can't enough oxygen for the process of respiration. In this case, the cells break down the sugars without oxygen using lactic acid fermentation. This process still releases energy from sugars, but the amount of energy released is lower"
500
Name 4 different viruses that infect humans.
What is "HIV, influenza, chickenpox, herpes, ebola"
500
Describe the ecological role of nitrogen fixing bacteria. What do they do, and why is it so important to ecosystems?
What is "nitrogen fixing bacteria convert nitrogen gas in the air into a usable form of nitrogen (ammonium, nitrate) that plants can use. Their role is very important because all living things need nitrogen, but only bacteria are able to extract it from the air and turn it into a form that other living organisms can use"
500
What are the 3 major characteristics of cnidarians?
What is "invertebrates, stinging cells, take food into a central body cavity, radial body symmetry; example: jellyfish, sea anenomes"
500
Besides nitrogen fixation, name 4 other ecological roles of bacteria that are helpful to humans.
What is "help make foods (cheese, soy sauce, yoghurt), live in our intestine and help us digest food, decomposers (recycle organic materials through ecosystems), pollution clean-up (e.g. oil spills)"