Political Obligation
A state without any laws or governance
anarchy
valuing freedom and equality
Republican liberty is the absense of..
domination
Who believes that liberty will therefore entail market efficiency
Hayek
Individuality can be defined as
expression of tendencies/inclinations
Why DO we follow the law and why SHOULD we follow the law are indicative of what two approaches to obligation?
Empirical and Normative
Values of US political conservatism
a minimal state and returns to tradition
What is the difference between positive and negative freedom
negative = absence of an obstacle
positive = presence of something to enable freedom
Define value pluralism AND who believes in the importance of value pluralism
value pluralism - recognize several values that are foundational
Raz
How do people believe that a lack of individuality impedes progress
prevents the emergence of genius, promotes social stagnation
This created the modern state system
what is Divine Right
the idea that power comes from God
What is the difference between pure and impure negative conceptions on liberty
pure negative - only physical restraints on liberty
impure negative - allows forms of social power as an obstacle
Outline internal rationality
the idea that beliefs and desires are consistent for an individual
Name one part of Mill's conception of human nature
- tree, not machine
- tradition is not authoritative
- impulses must be controlled, yet can be expressed
Actions implying agreement to obey the law is representative of which consent theory
Tacit consent
What does Kant believe in regards to general political theory?
Humans are fundamentally rational
What are things that the pure negative conception do not consider to be an obstacle to liberty? (name 3)
laws, coercion, social power, hierarchy
Describe the Inner Citadel Critique
Maximize Freedom through minimizing desire
Principle of liberty asserts that people should be free until
- actions harm others
- actions fall outside of self regarding sphere
The 5 primary consent theories
hypothetical, tacit, fairness, community, morality
What does Hume believe in regards to political theory?
Humans are fundamentally emotional
What does Christman believe about autonomy
autonomy requires only internal rationality
Why does Mill support free speech
Free speech is required to expand knowledge, which allows for social progress
Name the 2 types of legitimate coercion, and 1 example of each
- State: death, jail, penalties
- Individual: moral