Influencers
Scams
And Fraud
Investing
Semester Review
1

This type of influence may use a celebrity or other well known figure to endorse a product. 

What is liking bias?

1

These are website design features intended to trick users into doing things they might not want to do, but will benefit the business in question.

What are Dark Patterns?

1

It is an attempt to use an individuals personal information for financial gain. Could include filing a false tax return, signing up for credit cards, etc.

What is identity theft?

1

An employer sponsored retirement plan that offers a contribution match.

What is a 401(k)?

1

In an opportunity cost scenario, the choice not made is known as this. It has been sacrificed.

What is the trade-off?

2

Others are doing it or buying it so why aren't you?

What is the social proof bias?

2

This organization will NOT call you when they have not received their payment. They will instead send you forms through the mail.

Who is the IRS?

2

It relies on the recruitment and money of others who then recruit for themselves in order to maintain any level of success. Money always moves back to the top.

What is a pyramid scheme?

2

These are reliable companies with a history of stability and growth.

What are Blue Chip Companies/Stocks?

2

The federal government establishes these policies which impact government spending and taxes.

What are fiscal policies?

3

Booking sites like hotels.com really like to tell you that there are only 2 rooms left, or amazon telling you that they only have 5 of an item in stock. They are using this tactic.

What is scarcity bias?

3

This group of people is statistically most likely to fall victim to a financial scams.

Who are young people (Millennials, Gen Z, etc.)? 

3
This type of scam cons money from "investors" promising significant returns on those investments. Some money is returned to give an appearance of growth, and entices greater investment.

What is a Ponzi scheme?

3

Retirement fund paid for with after-tax dollars. Grows tax free and is withdrawn at time of retirement tax free. 

What is a Roth IRA?

3

This market structure tends to have multiple companies selling similar, but not identical products. Barriers to entry are still minimal.

What is monopolistic competition?

4

A commercial that has an "expert" in the field telling you that you should probably use this product is likely using this tactic.

What is Authority bias?

4

Phishing scams, attempting to gain personal information, are typically received through this.

KNOW THIS ONE

What is email?

4

Pampered Chef, Tupperware, Scentsy, etc. are all examples of this type of business that is sometimes considered a pyramid scheme.

What is an Multi-Level Marketing business (MLM)?

4

These are groups of stocks, bonds, and other investments managed by an investment firm. Because of this your holdings are diversified and monitored by professionals.

What are mutual funds?

4

With a Direct Unsubsidized Loan, it is their responsibility for paying the interest while in school.

Who is the borrower/the student?

5

This bias relies on you continuing to act a certain way. They get you to say yes a few times to increase the chances you say yes later on.

What is commitment and consistency?

5

If you have been scammed or the victim of fraud you can contact this organization for help.

What is the BBB?

5
The BBB has no true authority in dealing with scams and fraud. They can take these type of complaints to this office.

What is the State Attorney General's office?

5

This chapter of bankruptcy is often considered "Liquidation" bankruptcy as it will require the sale of most assets before your debts are cleared.

What is Chapter 7?

5

This form is filled out to let your employer know how much money to withhold from you to pay your taxes.

What is a W-4?