Hail California
This historical event brought thousands of international immigrants and boomed California's population starting in 1849
What is the gold rush?
Two examples of productions of contemporary operas in San Francisco
The (R)evolution of Steve Jobs, The Monkey King, Innocence, Dead Man Walking, Mary Queen of Scots
This is a percussion-based ensemble from Java
What is gamelan?
The first composer to use the concept of a leitmotif
Who is Richard Wagner?
A source that is an account of an event by someone who witnessed it
What is a primary source?
This law barred further Chinese immigration after its implementation, stemming from Anti-Chinese sentiment in the US
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?
Before SF Opera's founding, this famous opera company traveled to San Francisco on tour in the late 1800s and early 1900s, performing in theaters around the city
What is the Metropolitan Opera?
Cowell was inspired by these features in Chinese opera that are similar to glissandi or portamenti
What are sliding tones?
Bonus: How are Chinese sliding tones similar or different from how Cowell uses them?
This musical idea or theme that has an easily recognizable melodic, rhythmic, or harmonic identity that becomes associated with a particular character, object, place, or feeling, through its initial usage and subsequent recurrences?
What is a leitmotif?
(Such as the imperial march representing Darth Vader or the semitone theme theme representing the shark in Jaws)
This type of source is from the perspective of someone who compiles information from first hand accounts
What is a secondary source?
He traveled from Paris to San Francisco in 1915 for the Panama-Pacific International Exposition
Who is Camille Saint-Saëns?
It's an opera about a nun and a man on death row and his path to forgiveness
What is Dead Man Walking, by Jake Heggie
Cowell invented this chord that is notated by just a thick vertical line from the bottom to top notes
What are tone clusters?
This film composer partnered with Alfred Hitchcock to write the soundtrack for this topsy-turvy film
Who is Bernard Hermann?
This film composer was known previously for his work in Austria, and eventually for his work on a movie about a man in a pointy green hat
Who is Erich Wolfgang Korngold?
Camille Saint-Saens' Hail California blends these two pieces of music to merge French and American national identities
What are the Star-Spangled Banner and La Marseillaise? (American and French national anthems)
Chinese opera companies used these two things to attract non-Chinese audiences and tourists, as opposed to their previous audiences of Chinese migrant workers
What are bilingual programs and press reviews?
These ancient musical ideas inspired Lou Harrison in such works as his Mass to St. Anthony
What are medieval church modes (and how they were used in Missions)?
This is one of many ways that music could have been used in early cinema
To sustain unity by covering potential gaps in the narrative chain occasioned by editing (such as transitions, montages)
To emphasize narrative action through coordination of music and image
To accompany dialogue (underscoring)
To flesh out a mood
To establish time/place
To suggest a character’s emotions
To connect the audience to the story
Two musical element in the Vertigo title sequence that evoke the title
What are arpeggiation, metric disruption, lack of melody, dissonance, horn accents, tempo modulation...?
Why was it important for San Francisco's culture to experience the visit from (composer) in 1915?
It gave it Europe's blessing, supported, and gave credence to an emerging musical identity in the city
A contemporary opera by this Finnish composer tells the story of a school shooting and its aftermath, using nontraditional vocal techniques, language idioms, and composition/harmony.
What is Innocence by Kaija Saariaho?
These groups could be considered to be harmed by Harrison and Cowell's use of their music and histories
Who are the indigenous, Indonesian, and Chinese peoples?
!!!!!!DAILY DOUBLE!!!!!
The three "sections" of Morricone's scores and their primary elements
!!!!!!DAILY DOUBLE!!!!!
What are archaic, rock, and pseudo-symphonic?
Archaic: sparse sounds, whistling or vocal effects, acoustic guitar, flute/pan flute glissandi, rhythm
Rock: presence of electric guitar melody (transgression and individualism)
Pseudo-symphonic: chorus and romantic/symphonic orchestra, with heavy strings
Rigid, traditionalist mainstream with greater European influence vs. liberal, non-conforming, with greater Eastern influence
(Two locations)
What is East coat vs. West coast music cultures in the 20th century?