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CNS Structure & Function
Divisions of the PNS
The Brain
Neurons
Miscellaneous
100
The central nervous system (CNS) is comprised of....
The brain and spinal cord
100
The two main divisions of the PNS are...
Somatic & Autonomic
100
The part of the brain that functions to control voluntary skeletal muscle action, emotions, consciousness, and memory is the…
Cerebrum
100
These neurons transmit sensory information from the periphery to the CNS.
Sensory -or- Afferent neurons
100
The endocrine system is responsible for...
Hormone regulation
200
Sensory information travels through the ______ nervous system to the ______ nervous system.
peripheral --> central
200
This division of the ANS allows us to stay calm in the face of danger.
The parasympathetic nervous system, which acts as a "brake". REST & DIGEST
200
The part of the brain that controls muscle coordination; maintenance of equilibrium & balance is the....
Cerebellum
200
These neurons transmit motor information form the CNS to the periphery (brain to body)
Motor -or- Efferent neurons
200
Pulling away from a painful stimulus is an example of the ________ reflex. (Hint: 1 of 2 types; the other is a "jerk" reflex)
Withdrawal
300
Motor information travels through the ______ nervous system to the ______ nervous system.
central --> peripheral
300
This division of the ANS accounts for humans performing superhuman tasks, such as lifting a car off of a crash victim.
The sympathetic nervous system, or "accelerator". FIGHT OR FLIGHT
300
Within the diencephalon lies this small-but-important organ that regulates body temperture, water balance, sleep-cycle, & appetite.
Hypothalamus
300
This type of neuron connects afferent & efferent neurons
Interneurons
300
This proprioceptor provides information about changes in muscle tension.
Golgi tendon (Muscle spindle provides information about changes in muscle length)
400
The protective membrane of the meninges consists of a tough outer layer called the...
Dura mater
400
This division of the PNS is responsible to controlling voluntary muscular movement.
Somatic Remember: Soma = body
400
The primary purpose of this structure in the brain is communication between hemispheres
The corpus calloseum
400
Identify and describe the three main parts of a neuron.
1. Cell body, contains nucleus & DNA 2. Dendrites, include projections that transmit electrical impulses to the cell body 3. Axon, the elongated projection that transmits electrical impulses out through terminal buttons to synapse of next neuron
400
These sensory receptors sense pain, temperature, & skin irritation (itch or tickle).
Nociceptors
500
These direct neural impulses up the spinal cord to the brain.
Ascending tracts
500
You look up and see an anvil falling out of the sky! Your flight-or-flight response that is triggered is your body's activation of which part of the PNS?
Sympathetic nervous system
500
This is the simplest and quickest form of communication created by a direct link between sensory and motor neurons
Reflex arc
500
These structures are considered to be “supporting” cells because they help to bind and protect neurons and assist in coordinating neuron functions.
Neuroglia
500
This phenomenon is your body’s ability to interpret information about joint angle, muscle length, and tension to facilitate spatial awareness.
Proprioceptors