Memory Basics
This is the process of getting information into memory.
What is encoding?
This type of memory involves unconscious memories
What is implicit memory?
Forgetting something but feeling like it’s right on the edge of your mind.
What is the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon?
A step-by-step procedure that guarantees a correct solution.
What is an algorithm?
Judging probability based on how easily examples come to mind.
What is the availability heuristic?
This is retrieving stored information so you become consciously aware of it.
What is retrieval?
This type of memory involves conscious recall of facts and events.
What is explicit (declarative) memory?
Losing past memories before an event.
What is retrograde amnesia?
A mental shortcut used to solve problems quickly.
What is a heuristic?
Assuming someone is a surfer based on appearance.
What is the representativeness heuristic?
This is the process of keeping information over time
What is storage?
Knowing how to ride a bike or fold a paper frog is this type of memory.
What is procedural memory?
Inability to form new memories after an event.
What is anterograde amnesia?
Trying different solutions and eliminating the wrong ones.
What is trial and error?
Only looking for evidence that supports your beliefs.
What is confirmation bias?
Repeating information over and over to keep it in short-term memory.
What is maintenance rehearsal?
Memory for facts, names, and concepts.
What is semantic memory?
A brain condition marked by beta-amyloid plaques and memory decline.
What is Alzheimer’s disease?
Getting stuck thinking about an object only in its usual way
What is functional fixedness?
Believing something is true because you can think of examples that support it.
What is the fallacy of positive instances?
Information in short-term memory lasts about this long without rehearsal.
What is about 20 seconds?
Memory for personal experiences and events.
What is episodic memory?
Forgetting information in short-term memory because it wasn’t rehearsed.
What is decay (or fading)?
The tendency to keep using solutions that worked in the past.
What is mental set?
Overestimating danger after seeing it frequently in the media.
What is the availability heuristic?