French Revolution Part I
What "age" did the French Revolution start?
The Contemporary age
What execution device became a symbol of the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution?
The Guillotine
What was Napoleon's wife's name?
Josephine
What was the main goal of European Restoration?
To restore old monarchies
Which U.S. president introduced the Monroe Doctrine?
James Monroe
What country's independence did France help even though they were facing a really bad crisis?
The United States war of Independence
What was the "reign of terror"?
When Jacobins (Robespierre) ruled and killed everyone who opposed.
Why did Napoleon lose in Russia?
Russia used a strategy to destroy Napoleon's resources so he could not find food and supplies. Also, winter.
What country was very important for European Restoration? (It got powerful with it)
Austria
What was the main purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?
Prevent European powers from further colonizing or interfering in the Americas
What are the four sectors of the Third Estate?
Upper Bourgeoisie, Middle Bourgeoisie, Petit Bourgeoisie, Working class
What were the three sides of the National Convention?
Jacobines (left), Girondines (right), "Sans culottes" ("the plain": democrats and royalists).
What famous battle did Napoleon lose in 1815, marking the end of his rule?
Waterloo
What were the three main ideologies of Europe after Napoleon?
Conservatism, liberalism, nationalism
Which countries had just gotten their independence when the Monroe Doctrine was established?
Latin American countries.
What is the Assembly?
A gathering where the three Estates met to discuss problems. Later the National Assembly, Constitutive Assembly, etc.
What is the "Tennis court oath"?
A meeting where the Third Estate gained power over the Assembly and decided to draft a constitution. Also, a painting.
What was the seventh coalition, and what countries were part of it?
The last alliance against Napoleon. Countries: GB, Austria, Prussia, Russia
What was the name of the meeting held in 1814–1815 to reorganize Europe after Napoleon's defeat?
Congress of Vienna
What were the three main principles of the Monroe Doctrine?
No new European colonization, no European intervention, and U.S. non-interference in European affairs
Who called for the first Assembly of the French Revolution when the Estates met and gave more weight to the vote of the Third Estate?
Laffayette
What was the "Directory"?
The government that defeated Robespierre was represented by the Girondins and had a great military general: Napoleon.
What was the Continental system?
Napoleon's economic policy (1806) that prohibited European countries under French influence from trading with Great Britain. Its goal was to weaken the British economy by isolating Britain from European markets.
Why did nationalism threaten the political order established by the Congress of Vienna?
It encouraged people who shared a common language, culture, or identity to demand independence or national unification. This challenged the borders and monarchies restored in 1815, which often grouped different nationalities under the same ruler or divided people who wanted to form one nation. Examples: Germany and Italy
Mention 3 places where the Monroe Doctrine was applied
Mexico 1860s, Venezuela 1895, Cuba 1962, Panama 1989