Category 1
cells that imitate the antibody-mediated immune response
What are B cells?
the process where neutrophils migrate towards the site of infection
What is chemotaxis?
the respiratory burst in phagocytes leads to the production of this pathogen-killing substance
What is hydrogen peroxide?
proteins that guide immune cells to sites of infection
What are chemokines?
this cytokine type, produced in response to viral infections, enhance macrophage activity and chemotaxis
What is type II interferons?
cell type binds directly to infected cells and kills them without needing antigen recognition
What are NK cells?
this antibody class is most abundant and can cross the placenta
What is IgG?
granulocytes that contain enzymes and play a role in allergic reaction
What are basophils?
Pattern Recognition Receptors
What are PRRs?
process that ensures that T cells do not react strongly to self-antigens and occurs in the thymus
What is negative selection?
these cells release histamine and are found in almost all tissues
What are mast cells?
immunity resulting from direct exposure to a pathogen
What is active immunity?
this class of leukocytes include B cells, T cells, and NK cells
What are lymphocytes?
NK cells kill infected cells lacking this self-signal
What is a MHC II?
the immunoglobulin is produced first during a primary immune response and exists as a pentamer in serum
What is a IgM?
these phagocytic cells present antigens and are key tissues activating adaptive immunity
What are dendritic cells?
highly specific proteins found on B cells that recognize antigens
What are immunoglobulins?
chemical released by mast cells promotes vasodilation and capillary leak
What is histamine?
this type of cell acts as a key bridge between the innate and adaptive immune system by capturing antigens, migrating to lymph nodes, and activating naive T cells
What is a dendritic cell?
pattern recognition receptors located on innate immune cells and detect conserved microbial structures
What are TLRs?
immune cells that destroy multicellular parasites and are involved in allergic responses
What are eosinophils?
cells that reside in tissues and become activated to phagocytose and present antigens
What are macrophages?
process of immune cells moving through the blood vessel wall to tissues
What is diapedesis?
complex forms pores in a pathogen's membrane leading to its lyse by disrupting ion gradient
What is membrane attack complex? (MAC)
describes the ability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self molecules
What is immunological tolerance?