Scientific Method
Define the scientific method.
It is a set of procedures that scientists follow to gain knowledge about the world.
What is another term for physical weathering?
Mechanical Weathering
Define chemical weathering.
It occurs when rocks and minerals break down and undergo changes in their composition.
Define erosion.
It's the process where natural forces transport weathered material.
Define deposition.
It's the process when moving agents slow down, and materials are dropped.
Does the scientific method have to go in a specific order? Explain your reasoning.
No, it doesn't.
Define physical weathering.
It's when rocks break down into smaller pieces. The composition of the rocks stays the same.
What is oxidation?
It's the chemical reaction of oxygen with other substances.
What are the agents of erosion/deposition?
Wind, Water, Gravity (Mass Wasting), & Glaciers
How do humans cause erosion/deposition?
We cause it through construction, agriculture, and mining.
What are the 2 types of observations?
Quantitative & Qualitative
What is frost wedging?
It's the freeze-thaw cycles of water in the cracks of rocks that make them expand and break over time.
What are the 4 agents of chemical weathering?
Water, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, & Acid Precipitation
What is deflation?
The lowering of land surfaces from the wind picking up and moving surface particles away.
What are deltas?
They are triangular deposits that form when streams enter large bodies of water.
What are the 3 types of variables in an experiment?
Independent, Dependent, & Controlled
What is exfoliation?
It's when the outer layers of rock are stripped away.
Where do the greatest and least effects of chemical weathering happen?
Greatest: Areas with warm temperatures, abundant rainfall, & lush vegetation. Ex: Near the equator.
Least: Areas near the Arctic Ocean.
What is the term for this definition called?
When major storms sweep away entire sections of barrier islands and redeposit the material elsewhere?
Changing coastlines
What is the term for this definition called?
Unsorted ridges of till that are deposited by glaciers.
Moraines
What are the 6 steps of the scientific method?
Questioning, Hypothesizing, Experimentation, Observation, Analysis, & Conclusion
In the _____________, frost wedging is responsible for the formation of ___________.
Northern U.S.; potholes
Which 3 U.S. states have acid precipitation as a major issue?
New York, Pennsylvania, & West Virginia
Define what a landslide is and state what the agent of it is.
A rapid downslope movement of earth materials that occurs when thin blocks of soil, rock, and debris separate from the underlying bedrock.
Agent: Mass Wasting
Define what a barrier island is and state what the agent of it is.
A long ridge of sand or other sediment that is deposited/shaped by longshore currents. It's also separated from the mainland.
Agent: Water