Membrane Mix-Up
This double-layered sheet forms the core of nearly all cell membranes.
Answer: What is the lipid bilayer?
The random movement of particles from high to low concentration without energy is called this?
Answer: What is diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion does not require this cellular currency.
Answer: What is ATP (energy)?
A single-celled organism is known as this.
Answer: What is a unicellular organism?
This is the simplest level of organization in a multicellular organism.
Answer: What are cells?
These attached molecules act like chemical identification cards on the cell membrane.
Answer: What are carbohydrates?
This term describes the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
Answer: What is osmosis?
Active transport moves substances against this, from low to high concentration.
Answer: What is the concentration gradient?
Multicellular organisms have these cells that perform specific functions.
Answer: What are specialized cells?
A group of similar cells working together to perform a function is called this.
Answer: What is a tissue?
The cell membrane controls this aspect of the cell by regulating what goes in and out.
Answer: What is homeostasis?
A cell placed in a solution with equal solute concentration on both sides is in this type of solution.
What is an isotonic solution?
This type of endocytosis involves the cell taking in large solid particles or food.
Answer: What is phagocytosis?
Yeast, a unicellular fungus, must perform all life processes in this number of cells.
Answer: What is one cell?
A group of tissues working together forms this level of organization.
Answer: What is an organ?
These membrane proteins help move substances across without using energy, acting like doorways.
Answer: What are protein channels?
In a hypertonic solution, water moves in this direction relative to the cell.
Answer: What is out of the cell?
Name the process that removes large amounts of material from the cell by fusing a vesicle with the cell membrane.
Answer: What is exocytosis?
Specialized cells in animals may include those that carry oxygen or transmit signals.
Answer: What are red blood cells and nerve cells?
Several organs working together to perform a major function form this.
Answer: What is an organ system?
Daily Double - In addition to the cell membrane, this structure in plant cells provides rigidity and maintains turgor pressure, a feature not present in all cells. Name this structure and explain its role in maintaining cell shape.
Answer: What is the cell wall? It provides rigidity and maintains turgor pressure, preventing plant cells from collapsing and maintaining their shape.
When a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, water enters the cell. However, the cell does not burst. Identify the cell structure that prevents it from bursting and explain briefly why this structure makes a difference compared to a cell without the feature.
Answer: What is the cell wall? It provides rigid support, preventing the plant cell from bursting when water moves in.
Describe the role of ATP in active transport, and name the specific type of transport that utilizes protein pumps to move molecules against their concentration gradient.
Answer: What is active transport? ATP provides the energy needed for protein pumps to move molecules against their concentration gradient.
Explain how cell specialization and intercellular communication contribute to maintaining homeostasis in multicellular organisms. Provide an example involving at least two different specialized cell types.
Answer: What is homeostasis? Specialized cells, such as muscle cells and nerve cells, work together by communicating signals to regulate bodily functions, maintaining a stable internal environment.
Provide a real-life example of an organ system in which the heart would reside and identify each level of organization (cells, tissues, organs, organ systems) within that example. Explain how each level interacts to perform a specific function.
Answer: What is the circulatory system?
Cells: Red blood cells
Tissues: Muscle tissue in the heart
Organs: Heart
Organ system: Circulatory system
The heart (organ) composed of muscle tissues (tissues) containing red blood cells (cells) works within the circulatory system (organ system) to pump blood throughout the body.