Primary & Secondary Sources
This type of source is an original document or firsthand account created at the time of an event.
Primary Source
This country sponsored Christopher Columbus's 1492 voyage.
Spain
This term describes the transfer of plants, animals, people, and diseases between the Americas and the rest of the world after 1492.
The Columbian Exchange
This was the Caribbean island where Spain built its first colonial settlement.
Hispaniola
This word means a person's point of view, shaped by their own experience and purpose.
Perspective
This type of source is created after an event, based on other sources, like a textbook or a documentary.
Secondary Source
These were the names of Columbus's three ships.
Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
This starchy crop, now popular as fries and chips, traveled from the Americas to Europe.
Potatoes
This system forced Native people into labor for Spanish colonists.
Encomienda System
This word means confirming a claim using evidence from another source.
Corroborate
Columbus's own letter to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella is this type of source.
Primary Source
This was Columbus's main goal in sailing west in 1492.
Finding a faster sea route to trade with Asia
This animal, used for farming, travel, and transportation, traveled from the Old World to the Americas.
Horses
This happened to most of the Taino population within a few decades of European arrival, due to disease and forced labor.
This word means considering when, where, and why a source was created.
Contextualize
A history book published in 2015 about early exploration is this type of source, since it was written long after the events using other sources.
Secondary Source
Historians summarize European motives for exploration using three words that all start with the same letter.
God, Glory, and Gold
This was one major negative effect of the Columbian Exchange on Native American populations.
The spread of European diseases, like smallpox, that killed huge numbers of people with no immunity
In his own writings, Columbus described the Taino people this way, even while already planning to control and use them for labor.
“peaceful” or gentle
This word means to bring a group of people under control by force.
Subjugate
This is the key question to ask when deciding whether a source is primary or secondary.
“Was this created at the time, by someone who was actually there?”
This was one immediate effect of Columbus's arrival on the Taino people of the Caribbean.
Being forced into labor and exposed to European diseases
This was one major positive effect of the Columbian Exchange on populations in Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Population growth fueled by new, nutritious crops like potatoes and corn
This Spanish friar and former colonist became one of the fiercest critics of Spain's treatment of the Taino.
Bartolome de las Casas
When analyzing an excerpt for bias, this is the first thing you should figure out about the author.
Who wrote it, when, and for what purpose