GENTRIFICATION
True or False: You can have gentrification without major racial change.
True
White encroachment refers to this demographic shift into historically Black neighborhoods.
Increase in white residents.
This term describes when market forces and private investment take precedence over community needs in urban development.
Neoliberalization
Police tend to increase patrols in historically Black neighborhoods when this group of residents moves in.
White Residents
According to Professor Dolgon's "House People, Not Cars!" article: What does the city government prioritize in its development decisions? (Name One)
Parking garages, commercial projects, and improving the downtown image.
This major U.S. city saw housing prices double over the last 20 years as white, college-educated residents moved in.
Washington DC
In DC, racial change—not gentrification—showed a significant increase in arrests of this group.
African American Residents
This federal program—cited in Baltimore’s redevelopment—privatizes public housing through public-private partnerships, raising displacement risks.
RAD (Rental Assistance Demonstration)
Police presence intensifies when white newcomers perceive long-term African American residents as this.
A Threat
According to Professor Dolgon's "House People, Not Cars!" article: What basic community need is being ignored while the city focuses on development?
Affordable housing and residents’ basic needs.
What type of neighborhood (in terms of income) does gentrification typically begin in?
Low-Income Neighborhoods
This theory predicts increased policing when the dominant racial group feels threatened.
What is racial threat theory?
The presentation explains that neighborhoods with poor housing quality, food deserts, and environmental hazards experience higher rates of what?
Chronic illnesses (such as diabetes, asthma, and infant mortality).
These minor offenses—like fare evasion or disorderly conduct—are disproportionately enforced in gentrifying areas.
Low-level or Proactive Arrests
According to the presentation, what is the goal of the city’s development projects like parking garages and commercial buildings?
To attract businesses, tourists, and wealthier residents.
This long-term historical system shapes which neighborhoods become targets for gentrification by concentrating poverty and disinvestment.
Redlining
Marginalized DC residents faced more drug arrests in neighborhoods with this specific demographic change.
Increase in white population percentage (White Encroachment).
This public health statistic can vary up to 25 years depending on the zip code.
Life Expectancy
Gentrifying neighborhoods often see increases in this type of policing aimed at enforcing order.
Order-Maintenance Policing
According to the presentation, what essential community need does the city overlook when it prioritizes building parking garages and commercial spaces?
Affordable Housing
Name one reason long-term residents may feel displaced even if they remain in the neighborhood.
Cultural displacement, policing changes, loss of familiar businesses, rising costs, or exclusion from new amenities.
Research shows white encroachment predicts higher drug arrest rates for African American residents but not for white or other residents. What does this reveal about policing practices?
That drug policing is racially selective
List one way displacement harms health beyond loss of housing.
– Loss of social networks (“root shock”)
– Increased stress
– Reduced access to food, education, or medical care
Name two neighborhood factors that predicted increased arrests of Black residents in D.C.
– Violent crime rates
– Influx of white residents
– 311 calls
What do activists say public money should support instead of commercial development?
Housing, safety, and community well-being.