IP
When using a C-arm, how do we decrease patient dose?
1. place image intensifier as close as possible to the patient.
2. Use low dose mode.
Magnification mode on the C-arm makes the image larger and improves detail, but what is the disadvantage of Magnification Mode?
Increases patient dose.
What is the image critique on a Mobile Chest X-ray?
1. lung field, includes costophrenic angles
2. pleural markings
3. ribs and thoracic vertebrae
4. no rotation, clavicles and medial border of ribs equidistant.
What personal protective equipment is used for contact precaution patients?
gloves, gowns, masks.
A patient has a suspected C-spine fracture, what image is taken first?
CT scan is performed first and then checked by physician before proceeding. Then a lateral cervical spine projection.
Nationwide, the most common operator error for C-arm units that increase patient dose is?
Putting the tube to close to the skin.
How far away does the radiographer stand from the mobile x-ray unit during exposure?
A minimum of 6-feet away, at a right angle to the stretcher.
if parents are allowed in the room for a pediatric radiography exam, what should they wear during an exposure?
How many people do we need to safely put a patient in the Pigg-o-stat?
Two people, the radiographer and the parent.
What position should be performed on a TRAUMA lumbar spine series?
Dorsal decubitus positions first, possible shoot through lateral.
How should the radiographer mark the entrance and exit wounds in a trauma patient?
Use lead marker to identify entrance and exit wounds.
What procedure BEST DEMONSTRATES Scoliosis?
Scoliosis series, PA or AP spine projections.
What radiation protection measures should the radiographer take during pediatric radiography exams?
1. proper centering, proper technical factors, and precise collimation.
2. use proper shielding and immobilization techniques.
3. use AP instead of PA projections for thorax and skull (reduces radiation reaches breast tissues and eyes).
4. use "last image hold" to reduce dose during Fluoroscopy.
If a pediatric patient is suspected of aspirating a foreign body, what procedures would we do?
1.Lateral soft tissue neck
2. PA chest on inspiration/expiration.
3. neck, chest, abdomen projections.
How do we decrease motion during a mobile radiography exam?
1. Using shorter exposure time.
2. Immobilization techniques.
3. use high kvp, low mAs
Who are the STERILE members in the OR?
surgeon, surgical assistant, physicians assistant, scrub nurse, certified surgical tech.
What projections does the Scoliosis Series include?
1. PA or AP spine
2. Lateral erect spine
3. PA or AP right and left bending
4. Lateral flexion and extension if needed.
What is the most common location for an aspirated foreign body?
The right side. (Right Bronchus)
Which decubitus position do we do for an abdomen if the patient cannot stand up? Where would the free air be demonstrated?
Left Lateral Decubitus, free air between liver and right hemidiaphragm.
How can we decrease dose in mobile radiography?
1. practice ALARA
2. use high KVP technique
3. use low mAs technique
4. increase SID
5. proper collimation
6. shielding.
Who are the NON-STERILE members in the OR?
Anesthesia provider, circulator, radiographer, others.
How do we keep a child/pediatric patient calm during a procedure?
1. Prepare the room before patient enters
2. Good communication.
3. relaxation techniques
4. talking about favorite interests, books, toys.
5. Have good body language and a good tone of voice.
What should the radiographer do if he or she suspects child abuse?
Tell the physician.
On a trauma patient, hip or pelvis x-ray, what should we never do with the patient?
Invert the limbs, could sever femoral artery.