RAD 359C: Final Exam

Chapter 35: Fetal Echocardiography: Beyond the Four Chambers

Chapter 36: Fetal Echocardiography: Congenital Heart Disease

Chapter 54: Sonography and the High Risk Pregnancy

Chapter 55: Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Anomalies

Chapter 56: The Placenta

Chapter 57: The Umbilical Cord

Chapter 58: Amniotic Fluid, Membranes, and Fetal Hydrops

Chapter 59: The Fetal Face and Neck

Chapter 60: The Fetal Cranium

Chapter 61: The Fetal Throax

Chapter 62: The Fetal Anterior Abdominal Wall

Chapter 63: The Fetal Abdomen

Chapter 64: The Fetal Urogenital System

Chapter 65: The Fetal Skeleton

100

Normal heart rate is between:

a. 100 - 140 bpm

b. 120 - 160 bpm

c. 120 - 180 bpm

d. 140 - 200 bpm

b. 120 - 160 bpm

100

Most common congenital lesion of the heart:

a. Ebstein's Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve

b. Single Ventricle

c. Transposition of the Great Arteries

d. Atrioventricular Septal Defect

100

AMA refers to a patient that:

a. will be 35 at time of delivery

b. will be 30 at time of delivery

c. was 35 at time of conception

d. was 30 at time of conception

a. will be 35 at time of delivery

100

An amniocentesis is collected:

a. Near maternal midline

b. Near placenta

c. From fetal liver

d. From fetal kidneys

a. Near maternal midline

100

Normal attachment of the cord to placenta:

a. At either end of the placenta

b. Near the center of the placenta

c. The cord can be located anywhere on the placenta

d. The cord does not attach to the placenta

b. Near the center of the placenta

100

A normal umbilical cord contains:

a. 1 umbilical artery and 2 umbilical veins

b. 2 umbilical arteries and 1 umbilical vein

c. 2 umbilical arteries and 2 umbilical veins

d. 1 umbilical artery and 1 umbilical vein

b. 2 umbilical arteries and 1 umbilical vein

100

Ammiotic fluid should be...

a. Echo-free, anechoic

b. Hypoechoic

c. Debris within fluid is normal finding with every patient

d. Septated

a. Echo-free, anechoic

100

What abnormality is seen here?

a. Cystic hygroma

b. Teratoma

c. Fetal goiter

d. Some other neck mass

a. Cystic hygroma

100

The CSP should produce a..

a. Circle shape

b. Pentagon shape

c. Box shape

d. Triangular shape

c. Box shape

100

Normal cardiac axis:

a. 90 degrees

b. 45 degrees

c. 60 degrees

d. 30 degrees

b. 45 degrees

100

Which week of development does the umbilication hernia of bowel occur?

a. 6th

b. 8th

c. 10th

d. 12th

b. 8th

100

Can GI malformations be corrected?

a. Yes, they are correctable before birth

b. Yes, they are correctable after birth

c. No, they are not correctable

b. Yes, they are correctable after birth

100

Sonographic finding of male genitalia:

a. Turtle sign

b. Bubble sign

c. Scrotal sign

d. Slug sign

a. Turtle sign

100

Shortening of the entire extremity:

a. Rhizomelia

b. Micromelia

c. Mesomelia

d. Sirenomelia

b. Micromelia

200

Which heart view is being shown here?

a. 3VV

b. RVOT

c. LVOT

d. 4 CH

c. LVOT

200

Which is not a fetal indication for fetal echocardiography?

a. IUGR

b. Polyhydramnios

c. Arrhythmias

d. Nonimmune hydrops

a. IUGR

200

What sonographic finding is being shown here?

a. Scalp edema

b. Pericardial effusion

c. Ascites

d. Polyhydramnios

b. Pericardial effusion

200

In early gestation, AFP is produced by:

a. Gestational sac

b. Yolk sac

c. Placenta

d. Amniotic fluid

b. Yolk sac

200

A Battledore placenta is when the insertion site is within ____ of the edge

a. 3 mm

b. 1.5 mm

c. 1 mm

d. 2 mm

c. 1 mm

200

Normal length of cord in 2nd/3rd trimester:

a. Same as CRL

b. 20 - 40 cm

c. 40 - 60 cm

d. 60 - 80 cm

c. 40 - 60 cm

200

AF appears to be?

a. Normal

b. Increased

c. Decreased

200

When unilateral, cleft lip typically originates from the...

a. Left side of the face

b. Right side of the face

c. Top lip

d. Bottom lip

a. Left side of the face

200

What is being measured here?

a. Choroid plexus

b. Lateral ventricle

c. Cavum Septum pellucidi

d. Cisterna magna

b. Lateral ventricle

200

Normal shape of the thoracic cavity:

a. Bell

b. Ring

c. Box

d. Donut

a. Bell

200

This diagram represents:

a. Umbilical hernia

b. Gastroschisis

c. Omphalocele

d. Limb-body wall complex

b. Gastroschisis

200

Duodenal atresia termed:

a. Double bubble sign

b. Double bleb sign

c. Polka dot sign

d. Minion sign

a. Double bubble sign

200

Sets of kidneys that develop in an embryo:

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

c. 3

200

Which is not a reason for decrease in fetal movement?

a. Polyhydramnios

b. Oligohydramnios

c. Multiple gestations

d. Congenital uterine anomalies

a. Polyhydramnios

300

Apex of the heart should point to fetal ___ side:

a. Left

b. Right

c. Posterior

d. Anterior

a. Left

300

Most common cardiac tumor:

a. Teratoma

b. Fibroma

c. Rhabdomyoma

d. Hemangioma

c. Rhabdomyoma

300

Which is not a sonographic finding of hydrops:

a. Scalp edema

b. Oligohydramnios

c. Pericardial effusion

d. Thickened placenta

b. Oligohydramnios

300

What procedure is being shown here?

a. Chorionic Villus Sampling

b. Amniocentesis

c. Cordocentesis

a. Chorionic Villus Sampling

300

What sonographic finding is shown here?

a. Placental hemorrhage

b. Placental lake

c. Placenta leiomyoma

d. Placental cloud

b. Placental lake

300

What is going on with this cord?

a. True knot

b. False knot

c. Nuchal cord

d. Teratoma

a. True knot

300

Normal Two-Diameter pocket should be between:

a. 10 - 20 cm

b. 15 - 50 cm

c. 30 - 50 cm

d. 30 - 70 cm

b. 15 - 50 cm

300

Midface hypoplasia is considered a..

a. Orbital defect

b. Flat face defect

c. Lethal anomaly

d. One sided defect

b. Flat face defect

300

When measuring the Cerebellum you should measure:

a. Inner to inner

b. Inner to outer

c. Outer to outer

d. The Cerebellum is not measured

c. Outer to outer

300

What abnormality is seen here?

a. Hemothorax

b. Bronchogenic Cyst

c. CCAM

d. Pulmonary Sequestration

300

Primary finding of Pentalogy of Cantrell:

a. Superumbilical omphalocele

b. Diaphragmatic hernia

c. Low lying gastroschisis

d. Umbilical hernia

a. Superumbilical hernia

300

What is the top arrow pointing to?

a. Pleural effusion

b. Ascites

c. Hydrothorax

d. Normal fluid seen in fetal abdomen

b. Ascites

300

Urine in the fetal bladder starts to form:

a. Towards the beginning of 1st trimester

b. Towards the end of 1st trimester

c. Towards the middle of 2nd trimester

d. Towards the end of 2nd trimester

b. Towards the end of 1st trimester

300

Most common lethal skeletal dysplasia:

a. Thanatophoric dysplasia

b. Achondroplasia

c. Camptomelic dysplasia

d. Long bone dysplasia

a. Thanatophoric dysplasia

400

View that is parallel to the septum:

a. Apical

b. Coronal

c. Subcostal

d. Transverse

a. Apical

400

The highest rate of associated cardiac abnormalities is shown in fetuses with:

a. Trisomy 18

b. Trisomy 21

c. Trisomy 13

d. Turner Syndrome

a. Trisomy 18

400

Where is the needle placed during a cordocentesis?

a. Fetal kidneys

b. Fetal heart

c. Fetal umbilical vein

d. Placenta

c. Fetal umbilical vein

400

Trisomy 13 is also known as..

a. Turner Syndrome

b. Down syndrome

c. Edward's Syndrome

d. Patau's Syndrome

d. Patau's syndrome

400

Which is not a clinical symptom of gestational trophoblastic disease?

a. Nausea

b. Vaginal bleeding

c. Uterine size larger than dates

d. Bloating

400

Umbilical arteries arise from the..

a. External iliac arteries

b. Common iliac arteries

c. Gonadal arteries

d. Internal iliac arteries

400

Maternal condition associated with oligohydramnios:

a. Anemia

b. Hypertension

c. Congestive Heart Failure

d. Preterm labor

b. Hypertension

400

Nasal triad consists of...

a. Nose, chin, tongue

b. Nose, nostrils, chin

c. Nose, upper lip, chin

d. Nose, upper lip, lower lip

c. Nose, upper lip, chin

400

Partial or complete absence of the cranium

a. Anenchephaly

b. Acrania

c. Exocephaly

d. Endocrania

b. Acrania

400

Type I of CCAM:

a. Macrocystic

b. Microcystic

c. Macrocystic with Microcystic component

a. Macrocystic

400

Bowel loops fail to return to the abdomen by the ___ week, creating an omphalocele:

a. 10th

b. 12th

c. 14th

d. 16th

b. 12th

400

The remnant of the ductus venous known as:

a. Ligamentum teres

b. Ligamentum venosum

c. Umbilical vein

d. Round ligament

b. Ligamentum venosum

400

What renal abnormality is seen here?

a. Renal agenesis

b. Hydronephrosis

c. Pylectasis

d. Obstructive Cystic Dysplasia

b. Hydronephrosis

400

What abnormality is found here?

a. Cloverleaf skull

b. Cloverleaf abdomen

c. Curvature of the spine

d. 4 leaf sign

a. Cloverleaf skull

500

Ratio of heart to thorax:

a. 1:4

b: 2:3

c: 1:3

d: 1:5

c. 1:3

500

Position of this heart:

a. Levocardia

b. Levoposition

c. Mesocardia

d. Dextrocardia

b. Levoposition

500

Potential of fetal anemia can be determined by everything except:

a. Cordocentesis

b. Amniocentesis

c. Ultrasound surveillance

d. Chorionic Villus Sampling

500

With Trisomy 21, the femurs will be

a. <10th percentile

b. < 5th percentile

c. < 8th percentile

d. < 12th percentile

b. < 5th percentile

500

Amnion and chorion should fuse by

a. 12 weeks

b. 14 weeks

c. 16 weeks

d. 18 weeks

c. 16 weeks

500

What abnormality is seen here?

a. Gastroschisis

b. Omphalocele

c. Teratoma

d. Hematoma

b. Omphalocele

500

Polyhydramnios is considered when AF volume is:

a. > 1000 ml

b. > 1500 ml

c. > 2000 ml

d. > 3000 ml

c. > 2000 ml

500

What is being seen here?

a. Normal finding

b. Teratoma

c. Fetal goiter

d. Omphalocele

c. Fetal goiter

500

Amniotic fluid levels typically will be ____ with Spina Bifida Occulta:

a. Normal

b. Increased

c. Decreased

a. Normal

500

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia's are typically found on the:

a. Right side of the diaphragm

b. Bottom of the diaphragm

c. Left side of the diaphragm

d. Above the diaphragm

c. Left side of the diaphragm

500

Which is not a common fetal abdominal wall defect?

a. Omphalocele

b. Umbilical hernia

c. Gastroschisis

d. Amniotic band syndrome

500

Most common congenital defect of the GI tract:

a. Meconium ileus

b. Ascites

c. Meckel's diverticulum

d. Duodenal atresia

c. Meckel's diverticulum

500

Congenital defect resulting in obstruction of anterior urethral valves in ______

a. Multiple gestations

b. Females

c. Males

d. Fetus's with a Trisomy

c. Males

500

Which is not a sonographic feature of Thanatophoric dysplasia?

a. Cloverleaf deformity

b. Severe oligohydramnios

c. Hypertelorism

d. Severe micromelia

b. Severe oligohydramnios