Urinary Anatomy
What structural enables the kidneys to be visualized on plain abdominal radiographs?
Adipose Fat
Which projection would place the right kidney perpendicular to the IR?
AP Oblique, RPO
What is the rapid introduction of contrast into the vascular system?
bolus injection
The act of voiding
micturition
What is the structural and functional unit of the kidney.
The Nephron.
What position will best demonstrate Nephroptosis.
Erect
Extravasation
The absence of formation of a kidney
Total capacity of the average adult bladder
350-500 mL
What projection/position is performed on a male patient for a voiding cystourethrogram?
30 degree RPO
The technique of injecting contrast media into a vein and taking radiographs of the kidneys, ureters and bladder is termed:
Intravenous Urography (IVU)
Best projection for nephroptosis
erect
The cup shaped recesses in the center of each kidney that receive the urine from the collecting ducts.
Calyces (Major and minor)
How much is the body rotated for the AP Oblique projection of the urinary bladder during a cystogram?
45-60
What is the normal creatinine level
0.6- to 1.3 mg/100ml
The distension of the renal pelvis and calyces of the kidneys that results from an obstruction of the ureters or renal pelvis.
Hydronephrosis
The glomeruli, glomerular capsule, and proximal and distal convoluted tubules are located in what part of the kidney? Be specific
Cortex
Where is the CR centered for a nephrotomogram of the kidneys.
Midway between the Ziphoid Process and the Iliac crest
How is contrast normally introduced during a retrograde cystogram?
Gravity flow through a catheter.
Clinical indication that requires shorter spans of time between images at the beginning of an IVU study.
Renal Hypertension