Ultrasound
Lower frequency transducers scan ________ than high frequency transducers
This a term used to describe two structures that have relatively similar echogenicity toward each other
Isoechoic
What type of imaging is gold standard for spinal complications
MRI
List 2 types of considerations when taking equine radiographs in the feild
1. Avoid direct sunlight
2. Electical plug-in
3. Cord length
4. Positioning
A minimum of how many views should be taken of any anatomy?
2 views minimum
Correct patient preparation for ultrasound scanning is vital because improper preparation can result in:
artifact caused by air being trapped under the hair
The tissue of interest reflects back more intense sound waves and appears brighter than the tissues surrounding it
Which view (projection) is not beneficial for spinal radiographs
DV, dorsoventral
What does DLPMO stand for. Spell it out
Dorso-lateral
Palmaromedial
oblique
When taking skull radiographs (equine or small animal) the cassette should be on what particular side of the animal?
The side of interest!
This type of probe is used for vessels and superficial structures in the body. They are generally high-frequency probes
Linear transducer
Ultrasound of the heart is called what
echocardiography
What is the appropriate borders for taking thoracic vertebrae views
c7-L1, shoulder joint to past the origin of the last rib
Adorso-proximal palmarao distal oblique view, or solar margin, dorsal navicular view should have the cassette placed where?
Inside tunnel
Ultrasounds can not be used to view what two things specifically?
Bones or gas-filled
Mode that provides a 2 dimensional view
B-Mode
Type of mode where tracing of the motion of the structure being scanned is displayed
M-Mode
What is the term for equine spinous processes touching
Kissing Spines
When taking a palmaroproximal-dorsodistal oblique, navicular skyline view where is the generator pointing at
Centered above the heel bulb
Most important components of an ultrasound machine are the elements in the:
Transducer (probe)
List two contraindications or complications of performing cystocentesis
1. Urinary tract hemorrhage (bleeding disorder)
2. Pyometra
3. Bladder cancer
4. Ruptured bladder
Is a specialized form of cardiac ultrasound in which the direction and speed of blood flow in the heart and blood vessels can be measured
Doppler Ultrasound
What are the borders for taking a lateral view of the caudal vertebrea
Full tail or 4-5 vertebrae on each side of area of interest
A flexed carpal lateromedial view should be flexed at what degrees
60 degrees
What is the most commonly used imaging format in veterinary practice? And what is the second?
1. Radiographs
2. Ultrasounds