This man discovered radiographs in 1895
who is Wilhelm Conrad roentgen
The type of intensifying screen we prefer
what is rare earth
Vertical bitewings are used to examine
what is the level of alveolar bone
The 4 classes of interproximal caries
what are incipient, moderate, advanced, and severe
The measurement for a single intraoral exposure (effective dose)
what is 1.3uSv
The 2 groups of ionizing radiation
what are particulate radiation and electromagnetic radiation
Regarding manual processing, developing ____ emulsion while fixing ____ emulsion
what are softens and hardens
Cross-sectional projection is used to examine
what are buccal and lingual aspects of mandible and locate foreign bodies/salivary stones
External resorption is most often involved with
what is the apices of teeth
For bisecting, the back of the beam alignment device is at
what is 105 degrees
The filament circuit is controlled by
what is mA (or milliamperage)
The 3 causes of yellow-brown stains
what are weak developer or fixer, not fixed enough, not rinsed well enough
Reversed image only retains to ____ based
what is film
Condensing osteitis most commonly occurs in this tooth
what is the mandibular first molar
Lateral projection is to examine
what are palatal roots of molar teeth and locate foreign bodies/lesions of posterior
The different interactions of x-radiation
what are none, absorption of energy and photoelectric effect, Compton scatter, and Coherent scatter
The tools used on a computer to enhance an image
what are zoom, measure, contrast/bright, enlighten, colorize
Identification of landmarks help distinguish between
what is maxillary periapical and mandibular periapical
Define tomography
what is imaging of one layer or section of the body while blurring images from structures in other planes
The patient positioning errors include
what are too far forward, too far back, patient not centered, chin too far up, chin too far down, tongue not on palate, and lips should be closed
The critical organs exposed during dental radiographic procedures
what are skin, thyroid gland, lens of eye, and bone marrow
The DISadvantages of digital imaging include
what are initial set-up cost, image quality, sensor size, infection control, wear/tear, and legal issues
The causes of a clear/blank image would include
what are sensor/PSP is backwards and no exposure on film
The 3 landmarks for positioning patients for panoramics
what are midsagittal, ala-tragus, and Frankfort plan
The order of sensitivity of cells
what is wbc, rbc, immature reproductive cells, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, connective tissue cells, bone cells, nerve cells, brain cells, and muscle cells