Lower Limb P1
Toes, Foot, Calcaneus, Ankle
Toes, Foot, Calcaneus, Ankle
Lower Limb P2
Tib/Fib, Knee, Patella
Tib/Fib, Knee, Patella
Femur, Hip, Pelvic Girdle
C & T Spine
L Spine, Sacrum/Coccyx, SI Joints
Trauma, Mobile and Surgical
100
Describe the CR for AP Toes (looking for joints)?
10-15 degrees toward calcaneus
(Perp to phalanges)
Directed at MTP Joint in question
100
You are performing a routine knee series. A patient has a ASIS to table top measurement of 24cm. What CR angle will you apply to your tube for the AP and AP Oblique projections?
CR will be perp to the IR
<19cm (5 degrees caudal)
19-24cm (Perp - no angle)
>24 (5 degrees) cephalic
100
An AP Pelvis image reveals that the left iliac wing is foreshortened. What is the positioning error?
Right rotation.
Describe how the left obturator foramen will look with this error?
100
What are the breathing instructions for a Lateral Projection of the Cervical Spine?
Suspend Respiration on full Expiration.
Why?
100
What are the breathing instructions for an AP Projection of the Lumbar?
Suspend Respiration on expiration.
100
What does ORIF stand for?
Open reduction internal fixation
200
Describe the CR for a AP Oblique projection: medial rotation of the foot?
CR perp to IR, directed to base of third metatarsal
200
What is the CR for a Lateral Projection of the Patella?
CR perp to IR, directed to mid-patellofemoral joint.
Non-trauma - flex 5-10 degrees
200
What is the CR for an AP femur (mid-distal)?
CR perp to IR, directed to midpoint of IR
200
How is the thorax centered for a lateral projection of the thoracic spine.
center the posterior half to the center of the (IR)
200
What is the CR for an AP Oblique Projection of the lumbar?
CR 1.5" above the crest (L3) and 2" medial to the upside ASIS
200
Common pediatric fracture, described as being incomplete, with the cortex broken on on side of the bone.
Greenstick
300
Identify the Projection:
AP Ankle
What Anatomy did you use to ID this projection?
300
The proximal tibiofibular joint will be best demonstrated on what knee projection?
AP Oblique: Medial (Internal) Rotation
300
Describe the CR for the Danelius-Miller Method.
CR per to femoral neck and to IR
What is the other trauma method?
300
What two positions will demonstrate the right intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine?
LPO - AP Oblique Projection
RAO - PA Oblique Projection
300
Describe the CR for the posterior oblique positions for SI Joints.
CR perp to IR, directed to 1" medial upside ASIS
What is the obliquity ?
300
What method will best reduce patient dosage during a fluoroscopy procedure (OR and traditional) ?
Pulse mode (intermittent fluoro)
Boost mode and mag will have what effect on dose?
400
Name the two tarsal bones that will be best visualized on a medial oblique foot position?
Cuboid and Lateral Cuneiform (3rd)
400
Under or over rotated ?
Under
Why?
Adducter Tubercle on medial condyle
superimposition of fibular head on tibia
KVp 65-80 mAs 5
Grid? over 10cm
Mediolateral - 5-7 cephalic angle
400
You are performing a Modified Cleaves Method on a pediatric patient to rule out DDH. Describe the positioning?
Flex knees to 90, Place bottom of feet together, abduct both femora 40-45 degrees. NO Rotation.
Looking for femoral neck defect ? 20-30 degree abduction Modified Cleaves AKA Frog Lateral
400
What is the CR for a PA Oblique projection of the cervical spine.
RAO or LAO - CR 15-20 caudal directed to C4
400
What is the CR for a lateral L5-S1 projection with no waist support?
1.5" distal to the IC, 2" posterior to the ASIS
CR perp to IR with waist support
or angle to Interiliac line (5-8 caudal)
400
Where should the operator and surgeon stand when the C-arm is in a lateral position (horizontal beam)?
II side
500
You are need to perform a routine toe series for the 2nd toe? What projections will you perform to best demonstrate this toe. Be Specific.
AP
Medial Oblique
Lateromedial Lateral
500
Name 3 methods used to attain the "tunnel views" (intercondylar fossa)?
Camp Coventry
Holmblad
Beclere
500
The doctor is ruling out a right acetabulum fx. You perform Judet Method. What 2 key pieces of anatomy will the LPO position (internal oblique) demonstrate?
Anterior iliopubic column / Posterior rim of acetabulum
RPO will demonstrate
Anterior rim of acetabulum / posterior ilioischial column
500
A comminuted fracture of the ring of C1.
Jefferson Fracture
500
What is the Classification, mobility type and movement of the SI joints?
Synovial - Limited Movement - Irregular gliding
Union of Acetabulum? Cartilaginous / Synarthrodial
Symphysis ? Cartilaginous / Ampi
500
Which one of the 3 cardinal rules of radiation protection is the most effective means of reducing exposure during mobile and surgical procedures?
Distance
How far should you stand from the the mobile xray machine during exposure?