Macromolecules I
Which macromolecule is responsible for storing genetic information?
A. Polysaccharides
B. Nucleic Acids
C. Proteins
D. Lipids
B. Nucleic Acids
According to cell theory, all organisms are made up of _________
Cells!
Which macromolecule is responsible for long term energy storage?
A. Polysaccharides
B. Nucleic Acids
C. Proteins
D. Lipids
D. Lipids
What type of cell are plant and animal cells?
A. Prokaryotic
B. Eukaryotic
B. Eukaryotic
What organelle contains the cells' DNA and controlls its activities?
The Nucleus
What is the monomer of a protein?
Amino acids
Accoridng to cell theory, where do all cells come from?
other cells/pre-existing cells
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
Nucleotide
Which type of cell, plant or animal, is larger?
Plant cells are larger than animal cells.
What organelle breaks down food to release energy (ATP) for the cell?
The Mitochondria
What is the monomer of a lipid?
Fatty Acid
What are TWO DIFFERENCES between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus but eukaryotic cells do.
Prokaryotic cells are smaller than eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells are unicellular, but eukaryotic cells are often multicellular
What is the monomer of a polysaccharide?
Monosaccharide
What type of cell contains a cell wall AND what is the function of the cell wall?
Plant cells.
The Cell Wall provides shape and strength to the cell
What organelle build proteins and can be found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER?
The Ribosome
What are the TWO types of nucleic acids found in cells?
DNA and RNA
What is ONE example of a prokaryotic cell and TWO examples of a eukaryotic cell?
Prokaryotic: bacteria or archea
Eukaryotic: Plant, Animal, Protist or Fungi
What is the main function of polysaccharides?
Quick energy
What type of cell contains a chloroplast AND what is the function of the chloroplast?
Plant Cells
Photosynthesis: converts sunlight into food
What organelle contains digestive enzymes that break down waste or old cell parts.
The Lysosome
What is the name for a protein that makes chemical reactions go faster?
Enzyme
What are the FOUR structures found in ALL cells?
Cell Membrane
Ribosomes
DNA
Cytoplasm
What kind of food contains nucleic acids?
Anything that came from something living, which is basically everything you eat
Most of what we eat comes from plants or animals:
Plants: Fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts, seeds.
Animals: Meat, milk, eggs, fish, honey (from bees).
Microorganisms: Yeast in bread, bacteria in yogurt and cheese.
What type of cell contains a cell membrane AND what is the function of the cell membrane?
BOTH plant and animal cells have a cell membrane
The cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell
What are THREE structures found only in plant cells, but not animal cells?
Chloroplast, Cell Wall and Large Vacuole