Gene Expression
A codon is a 3-base sequence consisting of three what
What are nucleotides
The location in which transcription takes place
What is the nucleus
The process of translation creates this polymer consisting of a large amino acid chain
What is a polypeptide
This mutation's substitution changes a codon to a stop codon
What is a Nonsense mutation
The genetic code is carried in triplets of nucleotides on DNA called
What is a codon
What RNA sequence would match up with this DNA sequence: TGA
What is ACU
The enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from DNA
What is RNA polymerase
The process of translation occurs where in the cell?
What is in the cytoplasm on the ribosome (which can be free in the cytoplasm or bound to endoplasmic reticulum)
This occurs when a point mutation changes the sequence of a codon and the new codon codes for a different amino acid
What is a missense mutation
Cells are able to perform different functions because
What is the ability of cells to express different genes.
These are the primary sources of heritable information
What is DNA & RNA
The region of the gene to which RNA polymerase binds to begin RNA synthesis.
What is the Promoter
The types of RNA involved in protein synthesis and their function (3)
What are:
mRNA which carries a copy of a protein-coding gene, tRNA which transfers amino acids to the ribosome rRNA which combine with protein to make up the ribosome
This type of DNA mutation results from the insertion/deletion of a nucleotide(s) into/out of a gene.
What is a frameshift mutation
The triplet of nucleotides on tRNA that is complimentary to an mRNA codon
What is the anticodon
Retroviruses have RNA as their genetic information. Name three RNA viruses.
What are Coronavirus, HIV, & Influenza
The main product of transcription is:
What are all forms of RNA (are made from DNA), including mRNA, tRNA and rRNA.
The three main steps of Translation include:
What are:
Initiation, Elongation, & Termination
This mutation's substitution changes a codon to another codon for the same amino acid.
What is a silent mutation
The process of encoding a set of instructions on DNA to make proteins.
What is gene expression
What is the Replication process in which one strand of DNA serves as the template for a new strand of complementary DNA
What is semi-conservative process of Replication
The structure in the nucleus where the mRNA leaves
What is the nuclear pore
Translation is terminated when the ribosome reaches the stop codon. This is because the stop codon codes for
What is a release factor that causes the newly formed protein to be released and the ribosome to break away from the mRNA
This surrounding contributes to determining whether a mutation is advantageous, deleterious, or neutral
What is the environment
This structure is added at the 5' end of the mRNA strand to ensure maturity and ability for translation to occur (Full name)
What is the Methyl Cap