Principles of ABA
An operant conditioning involves the addition of a reinforcing stimulus following a behavior that makes it more likely that the behavior will occur again in the future
Positive Reinforcement
The target behavior occurs outside the training area
Generalization
Provides a plan for responding to the old behavior that is being replaced and promoting the new behavior
Behavior intervention plan (BIP)
Total lack in eye contact
Deficits in Nonverbal Communicative behaviors
Tangible and intangible objects or actions that are used to increase the occurrence of a certain behavior
Reinforcer
Not having enough or any of something
Deprivation
Continuing to prompt and reinforce the child through all of their daily activities are essential
Caregiver training
A clear, understandable description of what's to be observed and measured, such that different people taking or interpreting data will do so consistently
Lining up toys, flipping objects, and echolalia
Stereotyped or Repetitive behavior
Presenting a negative consequence after an undesired behavior is exhibited making the behavior less likely to happen again in the future
Positive punishment
If a certain party performs certain behavior, then certain consequences may follow
Contingency
Behaviors that people enjoy for the pleasure of the behavior
Intrinsic motivators (pre-mack principle)
Help to discover the reasons behind a behavior, so you can then decide on a plan for how to change it
Functional behavior assessment (FBA)
Difficulties in sharing imaginative play or making friends and absence of interest in peers
Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships
When a certain desired stimulus/item is removed after a particular undesired behavior is exhibited, resulting in the behavior happening less often in the future
Negative punishment
Increases the current effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event as reinforcement
Establishing operation
Rewards given to people to motivate to engage in behavior that they might not engage in otherwise
Extrinsic motivators (pre-mack principle)
Brittany begins to engage in self-injurious behavior (tapping face). Brittany's teacher would send her to the reading area for time out
Escape function
Extreme distress at small changes, difficulties with transitions, rigid thinking patterns, need to take same route or eat same food everyday
Insistence on sameness
A learned reinforcer that gains value through its association with a primary reinforcer
Decrease the current effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event as reinforcement
Abolishing operation
Target behavior continues to occur in relevant situations after trainings
Maintenance
Students prefer being punished, admonished, or criticized to being ignored
Attention function
Reduced sharing of interests, emotions, or affect, failure to respond to social interactions
Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity
A cue that signals reinforcement is available if the subject makes a particular response
Discriminative stimulus