Diseases
What immunoglobulins are associated with asthma?
IGE
Starting NPPV pressures for IPAP
8-12 cmh2o
How can you deliver greater lung volumes when receiving HFV?
By increasing the continuous distending pressure
What is the name given to a condition that can occur as a result of a thoracentesis?
Pneumothorax
What medication is indicated with postextubation edema?
Racemic epinephrine
What is a common cause of pediatric pleural effusions?
Parapneumonic effusion
Where in the circuit should the pop-off valve be placed?
As close to the patient as possible
How can you improve ventilation in HFV?
reduce frequency
Transillumination is used for the diagnosis of which disease
Pneumothorax
What are small children vulnerable to head injuries?
They're not very coordinated and their heads are quite big, so they don't always make the best decisions.
What are the expected conditions in a near-drowning victim brought to the emergency department?
dysrhythmias
hypoxia
hypothermia
What is the most effective way to prevent triggering asynchrony on NPPV?
Minimize leaks with the interface
How is Ve decreased in HFOV?
Reduce amplitude
The Peds patient has a GCS of 8; what do you recommend?
Intubation
Pt is unresponsive to the initial dose iNO, so the dose is increased with no response. What do you suggest?
Stop therapy, titrate does, or consider other therapy.
What are the signs of early septic shock?
Skin is warm, pink, and well perfused
How is the CPAP pressure established in B-CPAP
The therapist submerges the bottom part of the breathing tube below the water level.
Why might HFOV be considered an inadequate ventilation strategy for patients with fresh particulate meconium aspiration or bronchopulmonary dysplasia?
Gas trapping
What is the normal amount of pleural fluid?
1-5 ml
Side effects of theophylline are:
Nausea
Vomiting
CNS stimulation
Tachycardia
What are some characteristics of upper airway thermal burns?
Edema
Ulceration
Hemorrhage
What could cause a rise in CO2 and a decrease in PaO2 with CPAP?
CPAP too high
Your 3.5 kg pt on PCSIMV has a spontaneous vt of 40, peep of 4, PIP of 22, mandatory rate of 16, and FIO2 of 28%. What should you recommend for this neonate?
SBT
What is the gold standard for diagnosis of pleural effusions?
lateral decubitus CXR
A therapist is calculating oxygen delivery for a patient admitted with a diagnosis of shock. Which of the following parameters should the therapist measure?
Hgb
O2 bound to Hgb
cardiac output
dissolved O2
Persistent inflammation in asthma can lead to a remodeling phase characterized by various processes.
Airway smooth muscle hypertrophy
The B-CPAP manometer fluctuates between 1 and 4 cmh2o, what would cause this to occur?
insufficient flow
What is the biggest concern with the application of higher peep?
decreased cardiac output
What is the calculation for oxygen index?
mPAw X Fio2/PaO2 X 100
What actions should a therapist take if a patient receiving HFV experiences airway obstruction?
Observe the patient’s chest wall for movement.
What is the most frequently suggested method for newborn screening?
Immunoreactive trypsinogen
What is a complication of CPAP when an infant experiences inadvertent positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) from gas trapping resulting from tachypnea?
Pneumothorax
What is the ventilation strategy for RDS?
VT less than 6 mL/kg and Pplateau less than 30 cm H2O
What parameters have been suggested as indications for pediatric ECMO?
pH <7.20
OI >35
P/F < 75
Infectious aspiration pneumonias
ARDS by trauma
What is the approximate nasopharyngeal pressure for HFNC at 4 l/m?
1.8 cmh2o
4 L/M X .45 = 1.8
What are some indirect insults of ARDS?
Sepsis, closed head injury
When is the use of NPPV successful with CF children?
Bridging to transplantation
Which of the following forms of mechanical ventilation is the most efficacious method for acquired bronchopleural fistulas?
High-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV)
A major complication of ECMO
Intracranial hemorrhage
Which therapeutic strategies should the therapist deem the most important in patients who have retained secretions with neuromuscular disease?
Airway clearance techniques