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Hemodynamic Equipment
A few things to remember
Cardiopulmonary Conditions & Hemodynamics
Preload and Contractility
Hemodynamic Formulas
100
What is the function of the transducer in the invasive vascular monitoring system?
To convert the fluid pressure to an electrical signal
100
Which hemodynamic value reflects the pressure in the left atrium of the heart
PCWP
100
One of the hemodynamic changes seen in COPD is a(n) (increased or decreased) CVP
Increased
100
Name an agent that reduces preload (decreases CVP)
Diuretics (lasix) Venodilators (nitro)
100
What is the formula for BP? DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!
CO x SVR
200
Which of the following is not true concerning the insertion of a radial arterial line? The catheter tip must face upstream The catheter tip must face downstream The transducer must be level with the catheter tip
The catheter tip must face downstream
200
What is normal PVR in an adult? (this answer is a #)
< 2.5 mm hg L min or 25-250 Dynes (multiply your PVR in mm Hg by 80 to get dynes)
200
Does the PAP increase, decrease or stay the same in COPD patients?
Increase
200
Name an agent that increases preload (increase CVP)
Crystalloids (NS, Lactated Ringers) Colloids (blood, plasma, albumin)
200
What is the formula for CO?
HR x SV
300
The complications that may occur during the insertion of a arterial line include all of the following except: Bleeding Pneumothorax Vessel Damage
Pneumothorax
300
Will the electrolytes be higher or lower in a patient who is hypovolemic?
Higher
300
Is Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR) increased, decreased or stays the same in COPD patients? DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!
Increased
300
Which will result in a more forceful contraction? A > stretch (greater) or a < stretch (lesser)? Hint: Starlings Law
Greater stretch
300
What is the formula for SV? DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!
Either EDV-ESV or CO/HR
400
How is confirmation of the correct placement of a central venous pressure catheter performed? DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!
Chest X Ray
400
Normal SVR in an adult is __________
15-20 mm Hg L or 900-1500 dynes (multiply your SVR in mm Hg by 80 to get dynes)
400
Cardiac tamponade (is or is not) a life threatening condition
Is
400
Name something that decreases contractility.
Decreased sympathetic activity Electrolyte Imbalance (low K, low Ca, low mag) Decreased myocardial oxygenation
400
What is a formula that represents a non invasive measurement of oxygenation?
PaO2/FiO2
500
Name two of the many factors that affect pulse oximetry readings
Motion Light Anemia Abnormal Hgb Values Nail Polish Perfusion
500
Review the following parameters - PAP 35/20, PCWP 9, CVP 9, BP 115/56. This patient.... A - Has right ventricular failure B - Has left ventricular failure C - Has ARDS D - Is Hypovolemic
Has ARDS
500
Is Cardiac Output increased, decreased or stays the same in ARDS?
No change
500
Name an agent that increases contractility
Inotropes (dobutamine, dopamine, epinephrine, amrirone, norepi, isoproterenol, CaCl)
500
Which of the following is the "resistance" when considering the measurement of the movement of blood in the body? Preload Contractility Afterload
Afterload