When reacting a Grignard with an acid chloride, the R group on the Grignard adds this many times to produce a tertiary alcohol.
What is twice?
100
When the nucleophile (benzene/derivative) attacks the electrophile, this is made, which is all the resonance forms of carbocation possible when the electrophile is attached to the nucleophile.
What is the sigma complex?
100
This is the structure of acetophenone.
What is a methyl and benzene ring attached to a ketone?
(drawings acceptable)
100
In a carbonyl compound, the nucleophile attacks the carbonyl carbon and not the oxygen because the carbon is more ___________.
What is electropositive?
100
If a ketone is reacted with a strong nucleophile, this results; but if a ketone is reacted with a weak nucleophile, this results.
What is an alkoxide and an alcohol?
200
Reacting three molecules of formaldehyde gives you this, which is good for lab because it is solid and easy to handle.
What is tri-oxane?
200
Carbonyl groups, such as ketones, aldehydes, or carboxylic acids, are always this in EAS.
What are deactivating?
200
When an aldehyde is a substituent, such as on a benzene ring or a cyclic chain, this is the way it is named.
What is formyl?
200
Reacting an aldehyde with a Grignard will result in this product, which, when reacted with PCC/chromic acid, will give you this final product.
What are secondary alcohols and ketones?
200
This is formed when a nitrile is reacted with a Grignard.
What is a ketone?
300
Ketones and aldehydes are both miscible with water and can act as H-bond acceptors, making them good ________.
What are solvents?
300
When conflicting activating and deactivating groups are present, place the new substituent according to the ____________ group.
What is the most activating?
300
Draw the structure of aspirin, or acetyl salicylic acid?
Reacting an acyl group with an organocuprate requires this type of organocuprate, where the R group will add once and replace the Cl in the acyl group.
What is R2CuLi?
300
What is the reagent used with acid chlorides to synthesize aldehydes?
What is lithium trip-tert-butoxyaluminum hydride or LiAl(O-t-Bu)3H?
400
Ketones are less reactive than aldehydes because of these two reasons.
What is steric hindrance and electron donation/induction?
400
These are the three limitations of Friedel-Crafts alkylation.
What are rearrangements, polyalkylation, and that FC alkylation can't occur on a ring deactivated more than halogens?
400
An alpha carbon is this many carbons away from the ketone while a beta carbon is this many carbons away.
What is 1 and 2?
400
In the hydration of alkyne mechanism, this is the intermediate that is formed which rearranges to give the final ketone or aldehyde product.
What is an enol?
400
Reactions of ketones and aldehydes with water both create this, which are unstable compounds.
What are geminal diols?
500
This is the proper order of increasing boiling point for ethers, aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, and alkanes.
What is alkane < ether < aldehyde < ketone < alcohol?
500
In side chain oxidation, you need to have this type of hydrogen to be able to synthesize the carboxylic acid.
What is a hydrogen attached to the benzylic carbon?
500
These are the names of the reagents in the Heck reaction (5).
What is an aryl or vinyl halide, Pd, PPh3, a base and an vinyl halide?
500
These are the reagents for Gatterman Koch synthesis, and they form this as the electrophile.
What is CO/HCl/AlCl3/CuCl, and the formyl cation?
500
In addition-elimination, these two groups need to be present on the benzene.
What is halogen on position 1 and nitro groups on positions 2 and 4?