Chemistry I
The definition of an ion.
Any atom of group of atoms that bears one or more positive or negative charges.
What happens to the bonds in an exothermic reaction?
Double points if you can identify the type of reaction this is.
Bonds are formed.
Synthesis
What are 2 signs of a chemical reaction?
Permanent change in colour
Gas being given off
A new solid (precipitate forms)
Energy is absorbed or produced
What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state?
Law of Conservation of Mass: the mass in an isolated system can neither be created nor be destroyed but can be transformed from one form to another.
What type of ion does a base produce?
OH- (hydroxide ion)
Why does Hydrogen have a 1+ charge?
The type of atoms used in covalent bonding.
Non-metals
What two things do covalent compound names tell us?
1. The elements the compound in made of.
2. How many atoms of each element are present.
What happens to the surrounding temperature during an exothermic reaction?
It decreases.
What is an example of an acid-carbonate reaction in real life?
Baking bread!
Name the following compound.
N2O4
Dinitrogen tetraoxide
What is the general equation for complete combustion?
Hydrocarbon + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water
What is an example of pH in the real world?
Hydrangea flowers.
Is respiration an example of an endothermic or exothermic reaction? Why?
What are the three important components needed for combustion to occur?
Heat, Oxygen and Fuel
What is the general equation for a hydrocarbon?
CxHy
What makes universal indicators different from other indicators?
Universal indicators is a mixture of all indicators mixed together. Therefore it shows a unique colour for each individual pH on the pH scale.
What type of reaction is a neutralisation?
Double Displacement
What is the chemical formula for the following compound?
Nitrogen tribromide
NBr3
What is the difference between an exothermic and endothermic reaction?
Exothermic reactions produce/release energy while endothermic reactions absorb heat.
Thinking back on the red cabbage prac, what is the best type of indicator and why?
The universal indicator as it's the most precise with determining the exact pH of a substance.
The difference between complete and incomplete combustion?
Incomplete combustion occurs when not enough oxygen is present, therefore doesn't produce only CO2 but produced other Carbon/carbon oxide variations.
What type of reaction is this?
Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI --> PbI2 + 2KNO3
Double Displacment
What happens during a single-displacement reaction?
A more reactive element displaces (replaces) a less reactive element in a compound.
What is the name of a base that dissolves in water and what is the name of the solution it form.
Alkali base and alkaline solution.