Sounds
Which is the technical term for meaningful speech sounds?
Grapheme
Phoneme
Phoneme
Resolve this word sum:
<open + ed> -----> ____________
<opened>
The place where English was first spoken
England
This is a place where you can look up word meanings.
Dictionary
What do we do differently when writing the first letter in a sentence?
Capitalize it
What phoneme is the voiced "partner" of /s/?
/z/
An active vowel suffix is any suffix that starts with a ______.
100 bonus points: What happens when an active vowel suffix attaches to a base ending with a replaceable <e>?
Vowel
Bonus: It replaces it!
Which of these was NOT a language that came before Present Day English?
Middle English
Foreign English
Old English
Foreign English
Which of these is the type of word that has a lot of meaning and is easy to visualize?
Lexical
Function
Lexical
Lexical words are like the cast in a play--they tell the story.
Function words are like the backstage crew--they act as helpers but don't have as much meaning.
How many function words are in this sentence?
I walked my fluffy cat to the lake.
4
I, my, to, and the
What are the phonemes in the word screechy?
You don't need to write them, just say them.
/s k r i ʧ i/
Which of these two words is a word element that attaches to the end of a base? It comes after the base.
Prefix
Suffix
Suffix
True or False?
For a word to be related to another word, it must have at least 4 letters in common.False!
A word must share a base (siblings) or a root (cousins) with another one to be considered related.
This is the part of a word that holds the key to its meaning.
Base
A word would pass the "noun test" if which of these things is true?
1. It can be singular or plural
2. It has a past tense counterpart
It can be singular or plural
Examples:
cat/cats thought/thoughts word/words
(Words that use past tense are verbs.)
Which if these two types of sounds is always made with the voice turned on?
Vowels
Consonants
Vowels
A word that is only a base is called "simple." What is the term for a word that has a base plus at least one other element (like a prefix or suffix)?
Complex
Which type of word relative shares a base?
Sibling
Cousin
Sibling
Example:
jump and jumping share the base <jump>
What is the primary job of our letters (or graphemes)?
1. To tell us how words sound
2. To tell us the meaning of words
Meaning
What are the four parts of a word discovery?
(100 points for each part)
M: What is the meaning?
B: How is it built?
R: What are the relatives?
L: What are the letters doing?
In the word state, there are 5 graphemes and 4 phonemes. What is the silent <e> called?
s t a t e
/s t e t ∅/
Bonus: Why is it spelled with an <e> if we don't hear it?
marker
Bonus: It is marking the <a> as long
Resolve this word sum for the word <shadiest>:
<shade + y + est>
<shade/ + y + est> ----->
<shad + y/i + est> ----->
<shad + i + est> -----> <shadiest>
This is the name of the reconstructed language that is a common ancestor of most European languages, including English? Many word cousins share a root from this language, which can be abbreviated to PIE.
Proto-Indo European
This is the thing that most word relatives have in common with each other, even if there is just a "whisper" of it.
Meaning or sense
Example:
finish and final share a base, <fine> which has the sense of "end."
To finish something means to reach the end of it.
If something is final, it occurs at the end.
Name one job of a final silent <e>, which is also called a replaceable <e>.
(For double points, name two!)
1. to mark a vowel as long, as in <cone>
2. plural cancellation, as in <course>
3. to keep a word from ending with <v, u, z or i>, as in <breeze> and <carve>
4. to distinguish it from a homophone, as in <bye>
5. to give a syllable its vowel, as in <little> and <table>
6. to show that a word is lexical, as in <rye>
7. marks a <c> or <g> as soft, as in <image> or <notice>
8. to make a <th> voiced, as in <bathe> or <breathe>