Main Idea
Inferencing
Compare & Contrast
Cause & Effect
Sequencing
100

People in different countries have different preferences for their pizza toppings. One of the favorite pizza toppings in Brazil is green peas. In Japan, people enjoy having squied on top of their pizza. Coconut is a favorite pizza topping for the people in Costa Rica. 

a. putting green peas, squid, and coconut on top of your pizza is weird to some

b. Brazilians enjoys green peas on top of thier pizza as a matter of preference

c. People in different countries enjoy different toppings on their pizza

c. People in different countries enjoy different toppings on their pizza

100

Michelle sat quietly on the dock waiting for something to happen. Suddenly, she felt a jerk on her line and the pole in her hands started to shake. She tightened her grip, and then reeled in the line. She had it! It was the biggest one she had caught all day!

What did Michelle just do?

Michelle caught a fish.

100

Brody and his brother Alex have their own bedrooms. Both bedrooms are the same size. The same paint was used to paint the walls blue. Each boys has a queen-sized bed. Brody’s bed has a yellow comforter while Alex’s bed is covered with a red comforter. However, you might not even notice the different comforters since it’s difficult to see through the piles of dirty clothes that are typically lying all over Brody’s bed! Alex on the other hand, likes to keep everything clean and tidy in his bedroom.

Name four ways that Brody’s and Alex’s bedrooms are similar.

  • Both are occupied by only one boy
  • Both are the same size
  • Both are the same color blue
  • Both have a queen-sized bed
  • Both have a bed that is covered with a comforter
100

Eddie stood beside his teacher and watched all of his classmates run around the playground. He wasn’t allowed to play today. His teacher had taken away his recess for the second day in a row because she had caught him talking to his friends during class. Eddie promised himself that he would do better tomorrow.

What was the effect of Eddie talking to his friends during class?

His teacher took his recess away.

100

Micheal decided to make his mom a very special breakfast for Mother’s Day. First, he got out all of the ingredients he needed: 2 eggs, 2 slices of bread, milk, and butter. He cracked the eggs into a bowl and added some milk. Then, he whisked the eggs and poured them into a hot pan. Next, he put both pieces of bread into the toaster. When the eggs were ready, he put them onto a plate. Then, he took the toast out of the toaster and buttered it. Finally, He took the plate of breakfast to his mother’s bedroom.

What did Michael do right after he put the cooked eggs on to the plate?

He took the toast out of the toaster.

200

There are a few ways to tell if a cranberry is ripe. The easiest way is to take a cranberry and bounce it on a hard surface such as a countertop. If the cranberry is ripe, it will bounce. This is why some people refer to cranberries as “bounceberries.” You can also look at the cranberry’s shape and color. Ripe cranberries will be plump and shiny and their color will range from light red to dark red. Cranberries that have brown spots should not be eaten.

True or False: The main idea is cranberries will bounce when they are ripe.

False: The main idea is there are different ways to tell if a cranberry is ripe.

200

Jackie set the tray of cookies on the counter and then ran upstairs to get ready for the party. When she came back downstairs, she noticed that the tray was lying facedown on the ground and all of the cookies were gone. Because she was the only one home, she knew exactly what had happened, “Rufus, you’re staying outside tonight!” she yelled as she grabbed Rufus by the collar.

Who is Rufus?

Rufus is Jackie’s dog.

200

The operating system on your cell phone was likely designed by either Apple or Google. Google developed Android, while Apple developed iOS. iOS can only be found on devices developed by Apple, such as the iPhone. By contrast, Android can be found on the devices developed by many different manufacturers. Both operating systems allow users to connect to an app store to download different applications. The applications that you download show up as colorful square buttons on your device, no mantter which operating system you are using. 

Name two ways that the Android and iOs operating systems are different.

  • Google developed Android, while Apple developed iOs.
  • iOs can only be found on devices developed by apple, while Android can be found on the devices developed by many different manufacturers. 
200

Lisa looked at her clock. She was going to be late for school! Lisa rushed out of bed and ran downstairs to eat her breakfast. When she got downstairs, her mom pointed out the window. There was a foot of snow on the ground. “School is cancelled!” Lisa cheered. Then, she went back to bed.

What was the effect of Lisa’s school being cancelled?

Lisa went back to bed.

200

Today I babysat my cousins, Riley and Ian, for the first time. When I arrived at their house, my aunt gave me some instructions and showed me where to find the list of emergency phone numbers. Then, when my aunt left the house, Riley and Ian told me that they were hungry. I made them peanut butter and jelly sandwiches. Before they ate their lunch, I made them wash their hands even though they didn’t want to. After eating lunch, we went outside to play hide-and-go seek. When they got tired of playing outside, we went back inside and played a board game.

What did Riley and Ian do right before eating their sandwiches?

They washed their hands.

300

The red color that can be found in many foods comes from bugs. Yep, that’s right. Carmine, which is the name for the red feed-coloring used in many of our foods, comes from boiled cochineal bugs. Cochineal bugs are a type of beetle. Carmine can be found in foods that are dyed red, such as ice cream, Skittles, lemonade, and grapefruit juice. The next time you eat a bag of Skittles, check the ingredient list to see if Carmine has been used since now you know where it comes from.

a. The red food-coloring used in many foods comes from bugs

b. Cochineal bugs are a type of beetle that can be boiled.

c. Skittles, ice cream, and other foods contain Carmine.

a. The red food-coloring used in many foods comes from bugs

300

Trevor called Andy and invited him over to watch a movie this evening. Andy was excited to have something to do tonight. After dinner, Andy walked down the street to Trevor’s house. When he got there, the house was completely dark. No cars were in the driveway. Andy turned around and walked back home. 

Why did Andy walk back home? 

No one was home at Trevor’s house.

300

Many people get crocodiles and alligators confused. Both are reptiles and both of them are known for their large jaws and sharp teeth. However, there are a number of key differences between them that can help you tell them apart. Crocodiles have longer, V-shaped heads, while alligators have shorter, wider heades. Crocodiles also tend to have a lighter appearance than alligators. Crocidiles in the wild can be found all over the world. By contrast, alligators in the wild can only be found in the United States and China.

Name two ways that crocodiles and alligators are similar.

  • Both are reptiles
  • Both have large jaws and sharp teeth
  • Both get may people confused about which is which
300

Stephen stayed home alone while his mother went to the grocery store. While his mother was away, Stephen decided to look for the secret hiding place where his mom kept all of the candy. When he found it, he couldn’t resist eating all of the pieces of candy. By the time Stephen’s mom got home, he had a big stomach ache. 

What was the effect of Stephen eating all of the pieces of candy?

He got a big stomach ache.

300

Andy asked his grandfather to play his favorite card game. After his grandfather agreed to play, Andy ran to get a deck of cards from the closet. Then, Andy and his grandfather took a seat at the table. Andy took the cards out of the box and then started to shuffle them. While Andy was shuffling, the cards scattered everywhere. Andy asked his grandfather if he would shuffle instead. Andy’s grandfather shuffled the cards and then dealt them out. Andy picked up his pile of cards, looked at each one, and then organized them from least to greatest.

What did Andy do right after his grandfather agreed to play his favorite card game?

He ran to get a deck of cards from the closet.

400

The popcicle was invented by accident. In 1905, an eleven-year-old boy named Frank poured soda powder and water into a cup and stirred it with a stirring stick. He accidently forgot about his mixture and left it sitting outside overnight. It was so cold that night that the mixture froze with the stick inside of it. When Frank woke up the next day, he found his frozen drink and decided to eat it. It was an instant hit with his friends and neighbors!

True or False: The main idea is that the popcicle was invented by accident.

True: The main idea is that the popcicle was invented by accident.

400

Richard rushed downstairs to open his birthday present from his grandparents. He couldn’t wait to see what he’d gotten! He ripped open the box and pulled out three new chapter books. Then, he turned the box upside down to see if there was something else. There was nothing. His grandparents always gave him more than this. “Maybe it’s in the card!” he thought. He grabbed the card to open it.

What does Richard think might be in the card?

Richard thinks that there might be money in the card.

400

Teepees and igloos were types of homes that the Native people of North America lived in. The plains people built teepees. Teepees were cone-shaped and were made of buffalo hide and wooden poles. The Inuit built igloos. Igloos were dome-shaped and were made from blocks of snow and ice stacked on top of each other. Like teepees, igloos were temporary homes, meaning that they weren’t bult to last forever. Both teepees and igloos were usually built for a single family and had one main room where the entire family lived. 

Name three ways that teepees and igloos were different.

  • Teepees were built by the Plains people, while igloos were built by the Inuit.
  • Teepees were cone-shaped, while igloos were dome-shaped
  • Teepees were made of buffalo hide and wooden poles, while igloos were made from blocks of snow and ice
400

Marissa really wanted a new bicycle. “You’ll have to use your own money if you want it,” her parents told her. Marissa decided that she would sell cookies to her neighbors in order to earn the money she needed to buy the bicycle. After one month, Marissa had made enough money to buy the bicycle. She couldn’t wait to go to the store to buy it.

What caused Marissa to sell cookies to her neighbors?

She wanted to earn enough money to buy a new bicycle.

400

Before you apply the screen protector to your phone, take your phone out of its case. Then, clean the screen of your phone with a soft, dry cloth. When the screen is completely clean, take the paper off the back of the screen protector. Next, place the sticky side of the screen protector over the screen of your phone. Press the screen protector down from one side to the other so that you get rid of any air bubbles between your screen and the screen protector. Finally put your phone back in its case.

What should you do right before taking the paper off the back of your screen protector?

Clean the screen of your phone with a soft, dry cloth.

500

Popcorn is made from a unique type of kernel. This kernel comes from a specific type of maize. This type of maize produces small kernels that have a hard outer shell. If you’ve seen popcorn before it’s been popped, you know exactly what these light brown kernels look like. These kernels are so hard that you may have to crack your tooth if you try to bite into one that is still raw. To get the fluffy popcorn that you eat, you must heat these kernels until they “pop.”

Write the main idea of this passage.

The main idea is, A special kind of kernel is used to make popcorn.

500

Lily walked to the curb. She watched as the cars drove past her. She loved how busy the city always felt. She raised her arm, hoping that one of the drivers would see her. When the car pulled over, she got in and said, “Please take me to 146 34th Street.”

What was Lily doing when she raised her arm?

Lily was hailing a taxi.

500

The Arctic and Antarctic are at the poles of our Earth. The Arctic is at the northern pole and the Antarctic is at the southern pole. The Artcic is an ice-covered ocean that is surrounded by land. The ice there ranges from a few inches to over 6 feet deep. Since the ice is constantly moving, there is no actual permanent marker to mark the northern pole. By contrast, the Antarctic is a landmass surrounded by ocean. The landmass is almost entirely covered in glaciers that are up to 15,000 feet thick. There is a permanent marker to mark the southern pole.

Name three ways that the Arctic and Antarctic are different. 

  • The Arctic is at the northern pole, while the Antarctic is at the southern pole.
  • The Arctic is an ice-covered ocean that is surrounded by land, while the Antarctic is a landmass surrounded by ocean.
  • The ice in the Arctic is not nearly as thick as the ice in the Antarctic.
  • There is no actual permanent marker to mark the northern pole in the Arctic, while there is a permanent marker to mark the southern pole in the Antarctic
500

“You need to water the plants every day,” Alexa’s mother stated. Alexa promised her mother that she’d be sure to take care of the plants. After a few days passed, Alexa completely forgot about watering the plants. After 2 weeks without water, the plants became wilted and brown. When Alexa’s mother discovered the dead plants, she grounded Alexa for one week.

What was the effect of Alexa’s mom finding the plants wilted and brown?

She grounded Alexa for one week.

500

Have you ever explored a lava tube? Lava tubes are natural tunnels that form during a volcanic eruption. First, lava flows from an active volcano and forms a channel of lava. Next, the edges of the lava flow cool down and harden, forming a tunnel. Then, as more lava passes through the tunnel, it hardens around the edges and adds to this tube-shaped layer of rock. Finally, when the volcano stops erupting and all of the lava has passed through, the lava tube of cooled rock is all that is left behind.

What happens right after the edges of the lava cool down?

They harden and form a tunnel.