A reader periodically "sums up" and organizes text as he reads.
What are macroprocesses?
100
It is critical to provide students systematic and rich instruction in the area of ________ at all stages of the reading process.
What is vocabulary?
100
While reading, students demonstrate their understanding of a text by being able to make three types of ___________.
What are connections?
100
___________ can be used to supplement ORF probe results, particularly if comprehension difficulties are suspected.
What are Maze probes?
100
It is inevitable that even with direct vocabulary instruction, students will frequently encounter words they do not know in their reading. The teacher should teach _______________ to help equip students to deal with unknown words.
What are Word Attack Strategies?
200
These allow a reader to use his own background knowledge to make connections to both his own life and to other reading experiences.
What are elaborative processes?
200
Teachers should deliberately provide students with concrete tools for _________________________ before, during, and after reading.
What are concrete tools?
200
When students connect what they are currently reading to something they have read in the past.
What is a text to text connection?
200
Maze probes are multiple-choice _________________ that students complete while reading silently.
What are cloze passages?
200
This strategy may involve substituting an easier synonym for a challenging word or removing extraneous text to focus on several key story elements or words.
What is Restructuring Reading Materials?
300
These refer to how a reader chunks words into sentences and sentences into paragraphs while reading.
What are microprocesses?
300
Teacher modeling using ____________________ in natural reading situations allows a student to internalize the strategies.
What are think aloud prompts?
300
When students connect what they are reading to something in their own experience.
What is a text to self connection?
300
Maze tests are a _________ and ___________ measure of reading comprehension.
What are reliable and valid?
300
_________________________ is a high-level cognitive skill that asks students to go beyond the literal words on a page to determine connections that are not explicitly stated in the text?
What is Making Inferences?
400
The process by which students understand and make meaning of what they read.
What is comprehension?
400
Graphic organizers, journals that follow specific formats, and _________________________________ can all be helpful in teaching students to comprehend text.
What are explicit notetaking techniques?
400
When students draw parallels between the text and the larger world beyond their personal experiences.
What is a text to world connection?
400
Maze results are most beneficial when combined with ___________________.
What are ORF results?
400
As students learn new concepts and terminology in class, they can keep track of these ideas in a personal reference guide, otherwise known as a ___________________.
What is a literary handbook?
500
These are used by a good reader to self-monitor comprehension and to ask questions of himself as he reads.
What are metacognitive processes?
500
The NRP points to the importance of several core __________________ for teaching students to comprehend when they read.
What are strategy groups?
500
Teachers can model making connections during _____________________________.
What is modeled reading, guided reading, or ANYTIME they are reading?
500
Maze results can provide evidence that a student ________________________________________________.
What is "comprehends what he or she is decoding"?
500
This is called visualizing.
What is the process of creating mental pictures of what students are reading?